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Code-switching (CS) occurs when a speaker alternates words of two or more languages within a single sentence or across sentences. Automatic speech recognition (ASR) of CS speech has to deal with two or more languages at the same time. In…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-19 Xinyuan Zhou , Emre Yılmaz , Yanhua Long , Yijie Li , Haizhou Li

In the area of multi-domain speech recognition, research in the past focused on hybrid acoustic models to build cross-domain and domain-invariant speech recognition systems. In this paper, we empirically examine the difference in behavior…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-10 Thai-Son Nguyen , Sebastian Stüker , Alex Waibel

In this work, we describe a novel method of training an embedding-matching word-level connectionist temporal classification (CTC) automatic speech recognizer (ASR) such that it directly produces word start times and durations, required by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Woojay Jeon

Comparing with traditional text-to-speech (TTS) systems, conversational TTS systems are required to synthesize speeches with proper speaking style confirming to the conversational context. However, state-of-the-art context modeling methods…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-04-01 Jingbei Li , Yi Meng , Chenyi Li , Zhiyong Wu , Helen Meng , Chao Weng , Dan Su

The effective exploitation of richer contextual information in language models (LMs) is a long-standing research problem for automatic speech recognition (ASR). A cross-utterance LM (CULM) is proposed in this paper, which augments the input…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-03 G. Sun , C. Zhang , P. C. Woodland

Current Text-to-Speech (TTS) systems typically use separate models for speech-prompted and text-prompted timbre control. While unifying both control signals into a single model is desirable, the challenge of cross-modal alignment often…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Zihao Zheng , Wen Wu , Chao Zhang , Mengyue Wu , Xuenan Xu

End-to-end (E2E) automatic speech recognition (ASR) models, by now, have shown competitive performance on several benchmarks. These models are structured to either operate in streaming or non-streaming mode. This work presents cascaded…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-29 Arun Narayanan , Tara N. Sainath , Ruoming Pang , Jiahui Yu , Chung-Cheng Chiu , Rohit Prabhavalkar , Ehsan Variani , Trevor Strohman

Accurate transcription and speaker diarization of child-adult spoken interactions are crucial for developmental and clinical research. However, manual annotation is time-consuming and challenging to scale. Existing automated systems…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-27 Anfeng Xu , Tiantian Feng , Somer Bishop , Catherine Lord , Shrikanth Narayanan

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems, such as Whisper, achieve high transcription accuracy but struggle with named entities and numerical data, especially when proper formatting is required. These issues increase word error rate (WER)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Duygu Altinok

Deep learning has brought significant improvements to the field of cross-modal representation learning. For tasks such as text-to-speech (TTS), voice conversion (VC), and automatic speech recognition (ASR), a cross-modal fine-grained…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-29 Chunyu Qiang , Wang Geng , Yi Zhao , Ruibo Fu , Tao Wang , Cheng Gong , Tianrui Wang , Qiuyu Liu , Jiangyan Yi , Zhengqi Wen , Chen Zhang , Hao Che , Longbiao Wang , Jianwu Dang , Jianhua Tao

Incorporating cross-speaker style transfer in text-to-speech (TTS) models is challenging due to the need to disentangle speaker and style information in audio. In low-resource expressive data scenarios, voice conversion (VC) can generate…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-27 Lucas H. Ueda , Leonardo B. de M. M. Marques , Flávio O. Simões , Mário U. Neto , Fernando Runstein , Bianca Dal Bó , Paula D. P. Costa

Previous research has looked into ways to improve speech emotion recognition (SER) by utilizing both acoustic and linguistic cues of speech. However, the potential association between state-of-the-art ASR models and the SER task has yet to…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-04-01 Chengxin Chen , Pengyuan Zhang

One of limitations in end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) framework is its performance would be compromised if train-test utterance lengths are mismatched. In this paper, we propose an on-the-fly random utterance concatenation…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-26 Yist Y. Lin , Tao Han , Haihua Xu , Van Tung Pham , Yerbolat Khassanov , Tze Yuang Chong , Yi He , Lu Lu , Zejun Ma

Generating expressive and contextually appropriate prosody remains a challenge for modern text-to-speech (TTS) systems. This is particularly evident for long, multi-sentence inputs. In this paper, we examine simple extensions to a…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-30 Peter Makarov , Ammar Abbas , Mateusz Łajszczak , Arnaud Joly , Sri Karlapati , Alexis Moinet , Thomas Drugman , Penny Karanasou

Cross-lingual speech adaptation aims to solve the problem of leveraging multiple rich-resource languages to build models for a low-resource target language. Since the low-resource language has limited training data, speech recognition…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-21 Wenxin Hou , Han Zhu , Yidong Wang , Jindong Wang , Tao Qin , Renjun Xu , Takahiro Shinozaki

Sequence transducers, such as the RNN-T and the Conformer-T, are one of the most promising models of end-to-end speech recognition, especially in streaming scenarios where both latency and accuracy are important. Although various methods,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-07 Yusuke Shinohara , Shinji Watanabe

In this paper, we propose a novel architecture for multi-modal speech and text input. We combine pretrained speech and text encoders using multi-headed cross-modal attention and jointly fine-tune on the target problem. The resultant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-21 Karan Singla , Daniel Pressel , Ryan Price , Bhargav Srinivas Chinnari , Yeon-Jun Kim , Srinivas Bangalore

We explore training attention-based encoder-decoder ASR in low-resource settings. These models perform poorly when trained on small amounts of transcribed speech, in part because they depend on having sufficient target-side text to train…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-08-06 Matthew Wiesner , Adithya Renduchintala , Shinji Watanabe , Chunxi Liu , Najim Dehak , Sanjeev Khudanpur

End-to-end models have achieved impressive results on the task of automatic speech recognition (ASR). For low-resource ASR tasks, however, labeled data can hardly satisfy the demand of end-to-end models. Self-supervised acoustic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-12 Cheng Yi , Shiyu Zhou , Bo Xu

Accents, as variations from standard pronunciation, pose significant challenges for speech recognition systems. Although joint automatic speech recognition (ASR) and accent recognition (AR) training has been proven effective in handling…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-11-20 Qijie Shao , Pengcheng Guo , Jinghao Yan , Pengfei Hu , Lei Xie