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As reinforcement learning (RL) deployments expand into safety-critical domains, existing evaluation methods fail to systematically identify hazards arising from the black-box nature of neural network enabled policies and distributional…

Context: System Theoretic Process Analysis for Privacy (STPA-Priv) is a novel privacy risk elicitation method using a top down approach. It has not gotten very much attention but may offer a convenient structured approach and generation of…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2017-11-01 Kai Mindermann , Frederik Riedel , Asim Abdulkhaleq , Christoph Stach , Stefan Wagner

Runtime verification or runtime monitoring equips safety-critical cyber-physical systems to augment design assurance measures and ensure operational safety and security. Cyber-physical systems have interaction failures, attack surfaces, and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-06-23 Smitha Gautham , Georgios Bakirtzis , Alexander Will , Athira V. Jayakumar , Carl R. Elks

The in-vehicle diagnostic and software update system, which supports remote diagnostic and Over-The-Air (OTA) software updates, is a critical attack goal in automobiles. Adversaries can inject malicious software into vehicles or steal…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Jinghua Yu , Stefan Wagner , Feng Luo

Runtime assurance (RTA) addresses the problem of keeping an autonomous system safe while using an untrusted (or experimental) controller. This can be done via logic that explicitly switches between the untrusted controller and a safety…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Kristina Miller , Christopher K. Zeitler , William Shen , Mahesh Viswanathan , Sayan Mitra

Robotic manipulation has seen rapid progress with vision-language-action (VLA) policies. However, visuo-tactile perception is critical for contact-rich manipulation, as tasks such as insertion are difficult to complete robustly using vision…

Agile techniques recently have received attention in developing safety-critical systems. However, a lack of empirical knowledge of performing safety assurance techniques in practice, especially safety analysis into agile development…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-04-06 Yang Wang , Jasmin Ramadani , Stefan Wagner

Complex software systems, e.g., Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs), interact with the real world; thus, they often behave unexpectedly in uncertain environments. Testing such systems is challenging due to limited resources, time, complex testing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Man Zhang , Jiahui Wu , Shaukat Ali , Tao Yue

Run Time Assurance (RTA) Systems are online verification mechanisms that filter an unverified primary controller output to ensure system safety. The primary control may come from a human operator, an advanced control approach, or an…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-28 Kerianne Hobbs , Mark Mote , Matthew Abate , Samuel Coogan , Eric Feron

Teleoperation is becoming an essential feature in automated vehicle concepts, as it will help the industry overcome challenges facing automated vehicles today. Teleoperation follows the idea to get humans back into the loop for certain rare…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-04 Simon Hoffmann , Frank Diermeyer

Due to the rapid development technologies for small unmanned aircraft systems (sUAS), the supply and demand market for sUAS is expanding globally. With the great number of sUAS ready to fly in civilian airspace, an sUAS aircraft traffic…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-11 Jiazhen Zhou , Dawei Sun , Inseok Hwang , Dengfeng Sun

Robotic Process Automation (RPA) is a technology to automate routine work such as copying data across applications or filling in document templates using data from multiple applications. RPA tools allow organizations to automate a wide…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-06-28 Volodymyr Leno , Adriano Augusto , Marlon Dumas , Marcello La Rosa , Fabrizio Maria Maggi , Artem Polyvyanyy

This paper presents a new technique to control highly redundant mechanical systems, such as humanoid robots. We take inspiration from two approaches. Prioritized control is a widespread multi-task technique in robotics and animation: tasks…

The wide availability of data coupled with the computational advances in artificial intelligence and machine learning promise to enable many future technologies such as autonomous driving. While there has been a variety of successful…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-11 Lars Lindemann , Lejun Jiang , Nikolai Matni , George J. Pappas

In this paper, we developed a generalized simulation framework for the evaluation of electric vertical takeoff and landing vehicles (eVTOLs) in the context of Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) Traffic Management (UTM) and under the concept of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-11-11 Mrinmoy Sarkar , Xuyang Yan , Abenezer Girma , Abdollah Homaifar

From biotechnology to cyber-risks, most extreme technological risks cannot be reliably estimated from historical statistics. Therefore, engineers resort to predictive methods, such as fault/event trees in the framework of probabilistic…

Physics and Society · Physics 2014-08-26 D. Sornette , T. Maillart , W. Kroeger

Most statistical process control programmes in healthcare focus on surveillance of outcomes at the final stage of a procedure, such as mortality or failure rates. Such an approach ignores the multi-stage nature of these procedures, in which…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-06-29 Doaa Ayad , Nokuthaba Sibanda

At the edge of modern cyber-physical systems, Micro-Controller Units (MCUs) are responsible for safety-critical sensing/actuation. However, MCU cost constraints rule out the usual security mechanisms of general-purpose computers. Thus,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Adam Caulfield , Liam Tyler , Ivan De Oliveira Nunes

Control and planning of multi-agent systems is an active and increasingly studied topic of research, with many practical applications such as rescue missions, security, surveillance, and transportation. This thesis addresses the planning…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-03 Christos Verginis

Run Time Assurance (RTA) systems are online safety verification techniques that filter the output of a primary controller to assure safety. RTA approaches are used in safety-critical control to intervene when a performance-driven primary…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-28 Kyle Dunlap , Michael Hibbard , Mark Mote , Kerianne Hobbs