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Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative training of Deep Learning (DL) models where the data is retained locally. Like DL, FL has severe security weaknesses that the attackers can exploit, e.g., model inversion and backdoor attacks.…

Federated learning (FL) is a decentralized machine learning technique that allows multiple entities to jointly train a model while preserving dataset privacy. However, its distributed nature has raised various security concerns, which have…

Federated learning (FL) remains highly vulnerable to adaptive backdoor attacks that preserve stealth by closely imitating benign update statistics. Existing defenses predominantly rely on anomaly detection in parameter or gradient space,…

Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning diagram that enables multiple clients to collaboratively train a global model without sharing their private local data. However, FL systems are vulnerable to attacks that are…

Data heterogeneity and backdoor attacks rank among the most significant challenges facing federated learning (FL). For data heterogeneity, personalized federated learning (PFL) enables each client to maintain a private personalized model to…

Federated learning allows multiple users to collaboratively train a shared classification model while preserving data privacy. This approach, where model updates are aggregated by a central server, was shown to be vulnerable to poisoning…

Contrastive vision-language representation learning has achieved state-of-the-art performance for zero-shot classification, by learning from millions of image-caption pairs crawled from the internet. However, the massive data that powers…

Aiming at privacy preservation, Federated Learning (FL) is an emerging machine learning approach enabling model training on decentralized devices or data sources. The learning mechanism of FL relies on aggregating parameter updates from…

Federated learning (FL) systems allow decentralized data-owning clients to jointly train a global model through uploading their locally trained updates to a centralized server. The property of decentralization enables adversaries to craft…

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative model training while preserving data privacy, but it is highly vulnerable to backdoor attacks. Most existing defense methods in FL have limited effectiveness due to their neglect of the model's…

Current federated backdoor attacks focus on collaboratively training backdoor triggers, where multiple compromised clients train their local trigger patches and then merge them into a global trigger during the inference phase. However,…

Federated Learning (FL) offers collaborative model training without data sharing but is vulnerable to backdoor attacks, where poisoned model weights lead to compromised system integrity. Existing countermeasures, primarily based on anomaly…

Federated learning (FL) represents a novel paradigm to machine learning, addressing critical issues related to data privacy and security, yet suffering from data insufficiency and imbalance. The emergence of foundation models (FMs) provides…

In-context learning (ICL) has demonstrated remarkable success in large language models (LLMs) due to its adaptability and parameter-free nature. However, it also introduces a critical vulnerability to backdoor attacks, where adversaries can…

Vision-Language Models (VLMs), such as CLIP, have demonstrated remarkable zero-shot generalizability across diverse downstream tasks. However, recent studies have revealed that VLMs, including CLIP, are highly vulnerable to adversarial…

Prompt-based tuning has emerged as a lightweight alternative to full fine-tuning in large vision-language models, enabling efficient adaptation via learned contextual prompts. This paradigm has recently been extended to federated learning…

In recent years, foundation models (FMs) have solidified their role as cornerstone advancements in the deep learning domain. By extracting intricate patterns from vast datasets, these models consistently achieve state-of-the-art results…

Federated learning (FL) is a popular privacy-preserving edge-to-cloud technique used for training and deploying artificial intelligence (AI) models on edge devices. FL aims to secure local client data while also collaboratively training a…

Multimodal contrastive learning uses various data modalities to create high-quality features, but its reliance on extensive data sources on the Internet makes it vulnerable to backdoor attacks. These attacks insert malicious behaviors…

Organisations with limited data and computational resources increasingly outsource model training to Machine Learning as a Service (MLaaS) providers, who adapt vision-language models (VLMs) such as CLIP to downstream tasks via prompt tuning…