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Generative models such as Large Language Models, Diffusion Models, and generative adversarial networks have recently revolutionized the creation of synthetic data, offering scalable solutions to data scarcity, privacy, and annotation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Dawei Li , Yue Huang , Ming Li , Tianyi Zhou , Xiangliang Zhang , Huan Liu

Synthetic data is becoming an increasingly promising technology, and successful applications can improve privacy, fairness, and data democratization. While there are many methods for generating synthetic tabular data, the task remains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-27 Alexander Norcliffe , Bogdan Cebere , Fergus Imrie , Pietro Lio , Mihaela van der Schaar

Generative modelling has become the standard approach for synthesising tabular data. However, different use cases demand synthetic data to comply with different requirements to be useful in practice. In this survey, we review deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Mihaela Cătălina Stoian , Eleonora Giunchiglia , Thomas Lukasiewicz

Electrocardiogram (ECG) datasets tend to be highly imbalanced due to the scarcity of abnormal cases. Additionally, the use of real patients' ECGs is highly regulated due to privacy issues. Therefore, there is always a need for more ECG…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-25 Edmond Adib , Fatemeh Afghah , John J. Prevost

Suicidal ideation detection is a vital research area that holds great potential for improving mental health support systems. However, the sensitivity surrounding suicide-related data poses challenges in accessing large-scale, annotated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Hamideh Ghanadian , Isar Nejadgholi , Hussein Al Osman

In recent years hypergraphs have emerged as a powerful tool to study systems with multi-body interactions which cannot be trivially reduced to pairs. While highly structured methods to generate synthetic data have proved fundamental for the…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Nicolò Ruggeri , Federico Battiston , Caterina De Bacco

The integration of privacy measures, including differential privacy techniques, ensures a provable privacy guarantee for the synthetic data. However, challenges arise for Generative Deep Learning models when tasked with generating realistic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Anantaa Kotal , Anupam Joshi

In this paper, we propose three methods for generating synthetic samples to train and evaluate multimodal large language models capable of processing both text and speech inputs. Addressing the scarcity of samples containing both…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-21 Vahid Noroozi , Zhehuai Chen , Somshubra Majumdar , Steve Huang , Jagadeesh Balam , Boris Ginsburg

Facial recognition has become a widely used method for authentication and identification, with applications for secure access and locating missing persons. Its success is largely attributed to deep learning, which leverages large datasets…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Pedro Vidal , Bernardo Biesseck , Luiz E. L. Coelho , Roger Granada , David Menotti

The generation of synthetic medical records using Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) is becoming crucial for addressing privacy concerns and facilitating data sharing in the medical domain. In this paper, we introduce a novel method to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-20 Tomohiro Kikuchi , Shouhei Hanaoka , Takahiro Nakao , Tomomi Takenaga , Yukihiro Nomura , Harushi Mori , Takeharu Yoshikawa

Acquiring large quantities of data and annotations is known to be effective for developing high-performing deep learning models, but is difficult and expensive to do in the healthcare context. Adding synthetic training data using generative…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-06 Menghan Yu , Sourabh Kulhare , Courosh Mehanian , Charles B Delahunt , Daniel E Shea , Zohreh Laverriere , Ishan Shah , Matthew P Horning

We introduce the DP-auto-GAN framework for synthetic data generation, which combines the low dimensional representation of autoencoders with the flexibility of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs). This framework can be used to take in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-11 Uthaipon Tantipongpipat , Chris Waites , Digvijay Boob , Amaresh Ankit Siva , Rachel Cummings

Reliable machine learning and statistical analysis rely on diverse, well-distributed training data. However, real-world datasets are often limited in size and exhibit underrepresentation across key subpopulations, leading to biased…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-15 Xinyu Tian , Xiaotong Shen

In the field of emotion recognition, the development of high-performance models remains a challenge due to the scarcity of high-quality, diverse emotional datasets. Emotional expressions are inherently subjective, shaped by individual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Keito Inoshita , Rushia Harada

In the realm of IoT/CPS systems connected over mobile networks, traditional intrusion detection methods analyze network traffic across multiple devices using anomaly detection techniques to flag potential security threats. However, these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Anantaa Kotal , Brandon Luton , Anupam Joshi

Synthetic data offers a scalable solution for vision-language pre-training, yet current state-of-the-art methods typically rely on scaling up a single generative backbone, which introduces generator-specific spectral biases and limits…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Leonardo Brusini , Cristian Sbrolli , Eugenio Lomurno , Toshihiko Yamasaki , Matteo Matteucci

We compare a sample-free method proposed by Gargiulo et al. (2010) and a sample-based method proposed by Ye et al. (2009) for generating a synthetic population, organised in households, from various statistics. We generate a reference…

Applications · Statistics 2018-12-27 Maxime Lenormand , Guillaume Deffuant

High-fidelity generative models are increasingly needed in privacy-sensitive scenarios, where access to data is severely restricted due to regulatory and copyright constraints. This scarcity hampers model development--ironically, in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Xuemei Jia , Jiawei Du , Hui Wei , Jun Chen , Joey Tianyi Zhou , Zheng Wang

With the advent of generative modeling techniques, synthetic data and its use has penetrated across various domains from unstructured data such as image, text to structured dataset modeling healthcare outcome, risk decisioning in financial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Aman Gupta , Deepak Bhatt , Anubha Pandey

In a world where artificial intelligence and data science become omnipresent, data sharing is increasingly locking horns with data-privacy concerns. Differential privacy has emerged as a rigorous framework for protecting individual privacy…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-06-06 March Boedihardjo , Thomas Strohmer , Roman Vershynin
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