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Meta-analysis based on only a few studies remains a challenging problem, as an accurate estimate of the between-study variance is apparently needed, but hard to attain, within this setting. Here we offer a new approach, based on the…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-04-30 Joyce Cahoon , Ryan Martin

Linear mixed models (LMMs), which incorporate fixed and random effects, are key tools for analyzing heterogeneous data, such as in personalized medicine. Nowadays, this type of data is increasingly wide, sometimes containing thousands of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-15 Ryan Thompson , Matt P. Wand , Joanna J. J. Wang

Meta-analysis can be formulated as combining $p$-values across studies into a joint $p$-value function, from which point estimates and confidence intervals can be derived. We extend the meta-analytic estimation framework based on combined…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-21 David Kronthaler , Leonhard Held

We address the issue of performing testing inference in generalized linear models when the sample size is small. This class of models provides a straightforward way of modeling normal and non-normal data and has been widely used in several…

Methodology · Statistics 2013-08-16 Tiago M. Vargas , Silvia L. P. Ferrari , Artur J. Lemonte

Selective inference aims at providing valid inference after a data-driven selection of models or hypotheses. It is essential to avoid overconfident results and replicability issues. While significant advances have been made in this area for…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-03-14 Matteo D'Alessandro , Magne Thoresen

Performing causal inference in observational studies requires we assume confounding variables are correctly adjusted for. G-computation methods are often used in these scenarios, with several recent proposals using Bayesian versions of…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-10-25 Daniel Daly-Grafstein , Paul Gustafson

Cross-classified data frequently arise in scientific fields such as education, healthcare, and social sciences. A common modeling strategy is to introduce crossed random effects within a regression framework. However, this approach often…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-22 Shota Takeishi , Shonosuke Sugasawa

This work is motivated by analyses of longitudinal data collected from participants in the Quebec Longitudinal Study of Child Development (QLSCD) and the Quebec Newborn Twin Study (QNTS) to identify important genetic predictors for…

The manuscript discusses how to incorporate random effects for quantile regression models for clustered data with focus on settings with many but small clusters. The paper has three contributions: (i) documenting that existing methods may…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-02-24 Maria Laura Battagliola , Helle Sørensen , Anders Tolver , Ana-Maria Staicu

The primary analysis of clinical trials in diabetes therapeutic area often involves a mixed-model repeated measure (MMRM) approach to estimate the average treatment effect for longitudinal continuous outcome, and a generalized linear mixed…

Applications · Statistics 2022-08-03 Lingjing Jiang , Michael Rosenblum , Yu Du

Linear Mixed Model (LMM) is a common statistical approach to model the relation between exposure and outcome while capturing individual variability through random effects. However, this model assumes the homogeneity of the error term's…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-27 Vincent Jeanselme , Marco Palma , Jessica K Barrett

Meta-analysis aggregates information across related studies to provide more reliable statistical inference and has been a vital tool for assessing the safety and efficacy of many high profile pharmaceutical products. A key challenge in…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-06-06 Jessica Gronsbell , Zachary R McCaw , Timothy Regis , Lu Tian

Complex biological processes are usually experimented along time among a collection of individuals. Longitudinal data are then available and the statistical challenge is to better understand the underlying biological mechanisms. The…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-06-11 Pierre Barbillon , Célia Barthélémy , Adeline Samson

Background: Pairwise and network meta-analyses using fixed effect and random effects models are commonly applied to synthesise evidence from randomised controlled trials. The models differ in their assumptions and the interpretation of the…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-08-04 Shijie Ren , Jeremy E. Oakley , John W. Stevens

Mixed effects (ME) models inform a vast array of problems in the physical and social sciences, and are pervasive in meta-analysis. We consider ME models where the random effects component is linear. We then develop an efficient approach for…

Network meta-analysis (NMA) of rare events has attracted little attention in the literature. Until recently, networks of interventions with rare events were analyzed using the inverse-variance NMA approach. However, when events are rare the…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-09-22 Theodoros Evrenoglou , Ian White , Sivem Afach , Dimitris Mavridis , Anna Chaimani

This paper describes a compound Poisson-based random effects structure for modeling zero-inflated data. Data with large proportion of zeros are found in many fields of applied statistics, for example in ecology when trying to model and…

Applications · Statistics 2009-07-29 Marie-Pierre Etienne , Eric Parent , Benoit Hugues , Bernier Jacques

Paired cluster-randomized experiments (pCRTs) are common across many disciplines because there is often natural clustering of individuals, and paired randomization can help balance baseline covariates to improve experimental precision.…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-07-03 Charlotte Z. Mann , Adam C. Sales , Johann A. Gagnon-Bartsch

A major limitation of machine learning (ML) prediction models is that they recover associational, rather than causal, predictive relationships between variables. In high-stakes automation applications of ML this is problematic, as the model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Jianqiao Mao , Max A. Little

To investigate whether treating cancer patients with erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) would increase the mortality risk, Bennett et al. [Journal of the American Medical Association 299 (2008) 914--924] conducted a meta-analysis with…

Applications · Statistics 2010-10-11 Rui Wang , Lu Tian , Tianxi Cai , L. J. Wei