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Diffusion language models (DLMs) are promising alternatives to autoregressive language models (ARMs), yet the intrinsic differences in their generated text remain underexplored. We first find empirically that off-the-shelf DLMs exhibit…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Zeyang Zhang , Chengwei Liang , Xingyan Chen , Meiqi Gu , Minrui Luo , Jingzhao Zhang , Tianxing He

The applications of large language models (LLMs) have been widely spread across all domains. However, the basic abilities such as the controllability of LLMs are still limited. To address this, we propose "Self-controller", a novel agentic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Xiao Peng , Xufan Geng

Generating accurate SQL from users' natural language questions (text-to-SQL) remains a long-standing challenge due to the complexities involved in user question understanding, database schema comprehension, and SQL generation. Traditional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Zijin Hong , Zheng Yuan , Qinggang Zhang , Hao Chen , Junnan Dong , Feiran Huang , Xiao Huang

Developing an educational test can be expensive and time-consuming, as each item must be written by experts and then evaluated by collecting hundreds of student responses. Moreover, many tests require multiple distinct sets of questions…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Eric Zelikman , Wanjing Anya Ma , Jasmine E. Tran , Diyi Yang , Jason D. Yeatman , Nick Haber

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing with their remarkable capabilities in text generation and reasoning. However, these models face critical challenges when deployed in real-world applications,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Pengcheng Jiang , Siru Ouyang , Yizhu Jiao , Ming Zhong , Runchu Tian , Jiawei Han

Diffusion language models offer parallel token generation and inherent bidirectionality, promising more efficient and powerful sequence modeling compared to autoregressive approaches. However, state-of-the-art diffusion models (e.g., Dream…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Zhanqiu Hu , Jian Meng , Yash Akhauri , Mohamed S. Abdelfattah , Jae-sun Seo , Zhiru Zhang , Udit Gupta

Large Language Model (LLM) based code generation is predominantly formulated as a strictly monotonic process, appending tokens linearly to an immutable prefix. This formulation contrasts to the cognitive process of programming, which is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Chengran Yang , Zichao Wei , Heminghao Deng , Jinfeng Jiang , Zhensu Sun , Ting Zhang , Tianyi Wu , Ming Wen , David Lo

Language models with recurrent depth, also referred to as universal or looped when considering transformers, are defined by the capacity to increase their computation through the repetition of layers. Recent efforts in pretraining have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Jonas Geiping , Xinyu Yang , Guinan Su

Recent advances in Generative Artificial Intelligence, particularly Large Language Models (LLMs), have stimulated growing interest in automating or assisting Business Process Modeling tasks using natural language. Several approaches have…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-16 João Bettencourt , Sérgio Guerreiro

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) utilizes retrieved texts to enhance large language models (LLMs). Studies show that while RAG provides valuable external information (benefit), it may also mislead LLMs (detriment) with noisy or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Shicheng Xu , Liang Pang , Huawei Shen , Xueqi Cheng

As Large Language Models (LLMs) are deployed more widely, customization with respect to vocabulary, style, and character becomes more important. In this work, we introduce model arithmetic, a novel inference framework for composing and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Jasper Dekoninck , Marc Fischer , Luca Beurer-Kellner , Martin Vechev

As Large Language Models (LLMs) and other forms of Generative AI permeate various aspects of our lives, their application for learning and education has provided opportunities and challenges. This paper presents an investigation into the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Daniel Leiker , Sara Finnigan , Ashley Ricker Gyllen , Mutlu Cukurova

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated immense potential across various tasks. However, research for exploring and improving the capabilities of LLMs in interpreting graph structures remains limited. To address this gap, we conduct…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Jie He , Yijun Yang , Wanqiu Long , Deyi Xiong , Victor Gutierrez-Basulto , Jeff Z. Pan

This paper offers a comprehensive review of the research on Natural Language Generation (NLG) over the past two decades, especially in relation to data-to-text generation and text-to-text generation deep learning methods, as well as new…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-03 Chenhe Dong , Yinghui Li , Haifan Gong , Miaoxin Chen , Junxin Li , Ying Shen , Min Yang

Large decoder-only language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in generation and reasoning tasks, where they generate text responses given instructions. However, many applications, e.g., retrieval augmented generation (RAG),…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Caojin Zhang , Qiang Zhang , Ke Li , Sai Vidyaranya Nuthalapati , Benyu Zhang , Jason Liu , Serena Li , Lizhu Zhang , Xiangjun Fan

Deep learning methods have recently achieved great empirical success on machine translation, dialogue response generation, summarization, and other text generation tasks. At a high level, the technique has been to train end-to-end neural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-11-28 Ziang Xie

Masked diffusion models (MDMs) for text offer a compelling alternative to traditional autoregressive language models. Parallel generation makes them efficient, but their computational capabilities and the limitations inherent in their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Anej Svete , Ashish Sabharwal

Autoregressive models (ARMs) are hindered by slow sequential inference. While masked diffusion models (MDMs) offer a parallel alternative, they suffer from critical drawbacks: high computational overhead from precluding Key-Value (KV)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Jia-Nan Li , Jian Guan , Wei Wu , Chongxuan Li

Generation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) texts in important works has become a common practice that can be used to misuse and abuse AI at various levels. Traditional AI detectors often rely on document-level classification, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Lekkala Sai Teja , Annepaka Yadagiri , Partha Pakray , Chukhu Chunka , Mangadoddi Srikar Vardhan

Scaling the size of language models to tens of billions of parameters has led to impressive performance on a wide range of tasks. At generation, these models are used auto-regressively, requiring a forward pass for each generated token, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-23 Giovanni Monea , Armand Joulin , Edouard Grave
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