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Parallel thinking has emerged as a novel approach for enhancing the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) by exploring multiple reasoning paths concurrently. However, activating such capabilities through training remains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Tong Zheng , Hongming Zhang , Wenhao Yu , Xiaoyang Wang , Runpeng Dai , Rui Liu , Huiwen Bao , Chengsong Huang , Heng Huang , Dong Yu

Self-Rewarding Language Models propose an architecture in which the Large Language Models(LLMs) both generates responses and evaluates its own outputs via LLM-as-a-Judge prompting, dynamically improving its generative capabilities through…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Yidong Wang , Xin Wang , Cunxiang Wang , Junfeng Fang , Qiufeng Wang , Jianing Chu , Xuran Meng , Shuxun Yang , Libo Qin , Yue Zhang , Wei Ye , Shikun Zhang

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have recently shown great promise in advancing robotics by combining embodied reasoning with robot control. A common approach involves training on embodied reasoning tasks related to robot control using…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Dongyoung Kim , Sumin Park , Huiwon Jang , Jinwoo Shin , Jaehyung Kim , Younggyo Seo

Large Language Models have demonstrated strong performance across a wide range of tasks, but adapting them efficiently to new domains remains a key challenge. Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods address this by introducing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Raghav Singhal , Kaustubh Ponkshe , Rohit Vartak , Praneeth Vepakomma

The use of Large Language Models (LLMs) as automatic judges for code evaluation is becoming increasingly prevalent in academic environments. But their reliability can be compromised by students who may employ adversarial prompting…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Devanshu Sahoo , Vasudev Majhi , Arjun Neekhra , Yash Sinha , Murari Mandal , Dhruv Kumar

Question-answering systems for Bengali have seen limited development, particularly in domain-specific applications. Leveraging advancements in natural language processing, this paper explores a fine-tuned BERT-Bangla model to address this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Subal Chandra Roy , Md Motaleb Hossen Manik

Scaling test-time compute via extended reasoning has become a key paradigm for improving the capabilities of large language models (LLMs). However, existing approaches optimize reasoning under fixed or uniformly sampled token budgets,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Amirul Rahman , Aisha Karim , Kenji Nakamura , Yi-Fan Ng

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong math reasoning abilities through Reinforcement Learning with *Verifiable Rewards* (RLVR), many advanced mathematical problems are proof-based, with no guaranteed way to determine…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Haotong Yang , Zitong Wang , Shijia Kang , Siqi Yang , Wenkai Yu , Xu Niu , Yike Sun , Yi Hu , Zhouchen Lin , Muhan Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown strong capabilities through two complementary paradigms: Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) for knowledge grounding and Reinforcement Learning from Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) for complex reasoning.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Weitao Li , Boran Xiang , Xiaolong Wang , Zhinan Gou , Weizhi Ma , Yang Liu

Recent advances in large language and vision-language models have enabled strong reasoning capabilities, yet they remain impractical for specialized domains like remote sensing, where annotated data is scarce and expensive. We present the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Aybora Koksal , A. Aydin Alatan

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) poses a significant challenge to existing mathematical reasoning benchmarks. However, these benchmarks tend to become easier over time as LLMs can learn from the published benchmarks.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Shengbo Wang , Mingwei Liu , Zike Li , Anji Li , Yanlin Wang , Xin Peng , Zibin Zheng

The reasoning capabilities of advanced large language models (LLMs) like o1 have revolutionized artificial intelligence applications. Nevertheless, evaluating and optimizing complex reasoning processes remain significant challenges due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Xiaoyu Tan , Tianchu Yao , Chao Qu , Bin Li , Minghao Yang , Dakuan Lu , Haozhe Wang , Xihe Qiu , Wei Chu , Yinghui Xu , Yuan Qi

Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has improved the reasoning ability of large language models, yet training remains costly because many rollouts contribute little to optimization, considering the amount of computation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Yan Sun , Jia Guo , Stanley Kok , Zihao Wang , Zujie Wen , Zhiqiang Zhang

This paper investigates data selection and model merging methodologies aimed at incorporating advanced reasoning capabilities such as those of DeepSeek R1 into language-specific large language models (LLMs), with a particular focus on the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Kunat Pipatanakul , Pittawat Taveekitworachai , Potsawee Manakul , Kasima Tharnpipitchai

We present the system description for our submission towards the Key Point Analysis Shared Task at ArgMining 2021. Track 1 of the shared task requires participants to develop methods to predict the match score between each pair of arguments…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Manav Nitin Kapadnis , Sohan Patnaik , Siba Smarak Panigrahi , Varun Madhavan , Abhilash Nandy

We introduce Skywork R1V, a multimodal reasoning model extending the an R1-series Large language models (LLM) to visual modalities via an efficient multimodal transfer method. Leveraging a lightweight visual projector, Skywork R1V…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Yi Peng , Peiyu Wang , Xiaokun Wang , Yichen Wei , Jiangbo Pei , Weijie Qiu , Ai Jian , Yunzhuo Hao , Jiachun Pan , Tianyidan Xie , Li Ge , Rongxian Zhuang , Xuchen Song , Yang Liu , Yahui Zhou

Open reasoning language models are often compared under mixed sample sizes, partially standardized prompts, and accuracy-centered summaries, which makes practical model selection difficult to interpret. We present a unified evaluation of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Md Motaleb Hossen Manik , Ge Wang

Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a promising approach to improve large language model (LLM) reasoning, yet most open efforts focus narrowly on math and code, limiting our understanding of its broader applicability to general…

Process Reward Models (PRMs) have shown promise in enhancing the mathematical reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) through Test-Time Scaling (TTS). However, their integration into multimodal reasoning remains largely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Ruilin Luo , Zhuofan Zheng , Yifan Wang , Xinzhe Ni , Zicheng Lin , Songtao Jiang , Yiyao Yu , Chufan Shi , Lei Wang , Ruihang Chu , Jin Zeng , Yujiu Yang

The application of rule-based reinforcement learning (RL) to multimodal large language models (MLLMs) introduces unique challenges and potential deviations from findings in text-only domains, particularly for perception-heavy tasks. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Zifu Wang , Junyi Zhu , Bo Tang , Zhiyu Li , Feiyu Xiong , Jiaqian Yu , Matthew B. Blaschko