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Molecular property prediction has gained significant attention due to its transformative potential in multiple scientific disciplines. Conventionally, a molecule graph can be represented either as a graph-structured data or a SMILES text.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-17 Chen Qian , Huayi Tang , Zhirui Yang , Hong Liang , Yong Liu

Predicting molecular properties is a critical component of drug discovery. Recent advances in deep learning, particularly Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), have enabled end-to-end learning from molecular structures, reducing reliance on manual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Peng Zhou , Lai Hou Tim , Zhixiang Cheng , Kun Xie , Chaoyi Li , Wei Liu , Xiangxiang Zeng

Large Language Models (LLMs) stand at the forefront of a number of Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. Despite the widespread adoption of LLMs in NLP, much of their potential in broader fields remains largely unexplored, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Zhiqiang Zhong , Kuangyu Zhou , Davide Mottin

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated broad utility across molecular domains, spanning drug discovery and materials design. Analyzing LLMs' latent representations is crucial for elucidating their underlying mechanisms, improving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Zhuoran Li , Xu Sun , Wanyu Lin , Jiannong Cao

Large language models (LLMs) are introducing a paradigm shift in molecular discovery by enabling text-guided interaction with chemical spaces through natural language, symbolic notations, with emerging extensions to incorporate multi-modal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Ziqing Wang , Kexin Zhang , Zihan Zhao , Yibo Wen , Abhishek Pandey , Han Liu , Kaize Ding

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional proficiency in text understanding and embedding tasks. However, their potential in multimodal representation, particularly for item-to-item (I2I) recommendations, remains…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Chao Zhang , Haoxin Zhang , Shiwei Wu , Di Wu , Tong Xu , Xiangyu Zhao , Yan Gao , Yao Hu , Enhong Chen

Human expertise in chemistry and biomedicine relies on contextual molecular understanding, a capability that large language models (LLMs) can extend through fine-grained alignment between molecular structures and text. Recent multimodal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Sumin Ha , Jun Hyeong Kim , Yinhua Piao , Sun Kim

Large language models (LLMs) have substantially advanced machine learning research, including natural language processing, computer vision, data mining, etc., yet they still exhibit critical limitations in explainability, reliability,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Xin Wang , Haoyang Li , Haibo Chen , Zeyang Zhang , Wenwu Zhu

Molecular property prediction is a crucial foundation for drug discovery. In recent years, pre-trained deep learning models have been widely applied to this task. Some approaches that incorporate prior biological domain knowledge into the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Tianyu Zhang , Yuxiang Ren , Chengbin Hou , Hairong Lv , Xuegong Zhang

In the field of chemistry, the objective is to create novel molecules with desired properties, facilitating accurate property predictions for applications such as material design and drug screening. However, existing graph deep learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Sakhinana Sagar Srinivas , Venkataramana Runkana

Large Language Models (LLMs) with their strong task-handling capabilities have shown remarkable advancements across a spectrum of fields, moving beyond natural language understanding. However, their proficiency within the chemistry domain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Khiem Le , Zhichun Guo , Kaiwen Dong , Xiaobao Huang , Bozhao Nan , Roshni Iyer , Xiangliang Zhang , Olaf Wiest , Wei Wang , Ting Hua , Nitesh V. Chawla

Large Language Models (LLMs) represent a class of deep learning models adept at understanding natural language and generating coherent responses to various prompts or queries. These models far exceed the complexity of conventional neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Minghao Shao , Abdul Basit , Ramesh Karri , Muhammad Shafique

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made great strides in areas such as language processing and computer vision. Despite the emergence of diverse techniques to improve few-shot learning capacity, current LLMs fall short in handling the…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-05-14 Xianggen Liu , Yan Guo , Haoran Li , Jin Liu , Shudong Huang , Bowen Ke , Jiancheng Lv

Despite their ability to understand chemical knowledge, large language models (LLMs) remain limited in their capacity to propose novel molecules with desired functions (e.g., drug-like properties). In addition, the molecules that LLMs…

Molecular Relational Learning (MRL) aims to understand interactions between molecular pairs, playing a critical role in advancing biochemical research. With the recent development of large language models (LLMs), a growing number of studies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Zhuo Chen , Yizhen Zheng , Huan Yee Koh , Hongxin Xiang , Linjiang Chen , Wenjie Du , Yang Wang

Large language models (LLMs) constitute a breakthrough state-of-the-art Artificial Intelligence technology which is rapidly evolving and promises to aid in medical diagnosis. However, the correctness and the accuracy of their returns has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Dimitrios P. Panagoulias , Maria Virvou , George A. Tsihrintzis

Molecular property prediction is a fundamental task in computational chemistry with critical applications in drug discovery and materials science. While recent works have explored Large Language Models (LLMs) for this task, they primarily…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Deepan Adak , Yogesh Singh Rawat , Shruti Vyas

We demonstrate the ability of large language models (LLMs) to perform material and molecular property regression tasks, a significant deviation from the conventional LLM use case. We benchmark the Large Language Model Meta AI (LLaMA) 3 on…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-04-22 Ryan Jacobs , Maciej P. Polak , Lane E. Schultz , Hamed Mahdavi , Vasant Honavar , Dane Morgan

Artificial Intelligence models have demonstrated significant success in diagnosing skin diseases, including cancer, showing the potential to assist clinicians in their analysis. However, the interpretability of model predictions must be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Max Torop , Masih Eskandar , Nicholas Kurtansky , Jinyang Liu , Jochen Weber , Octavia Camps , Veronica Rotemberg , Jennifer Dy , Kivanc Kose
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