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With the advent of Web 3.0, the swift advancement of technology confronts an imminent threat from quantum computing. Security protocols safeguarding the integrity of Web 2.0 and Web 3.0 are growing more susceptible to both quantum attacks…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-30 Yifan Zhou , Xinlin Zhou , Zi Yan Li , Yew Kee Wong , Yan Shing Liang

Quantum communication brings radically new capabilities that are provably impossible to attain in any classical network. Here, we take the first step from a physics experiment to a fully fledged quantum internet system. We propose a…

Optical communication is the standard for high-bandwidth information transfer in today's digital age. The increasing demand for bandwidth has led to the maturation of coherent transceivers that use phase- and amplitude-modulated optical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-24 John Crossman , Spencer Dimitroff , Lukasz Cincio , Mohan Sarovar

In the last decades, Quantum Cryptography has become one of the most important branches of Quantum Communications with a particular projection over the future Quantum Internet. It is precisely in Quantum Cryptography where two techniques…

General Physics · Physics 2021-02-16 Mario Mastriani

Quantum computers provide a fundamentally new computing paradigm that promises to revolutionize our ability to solve broad classes of problems. Surprisingly, the basic mathematical structures of gate-based quantum computing, such as unitary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-08-20 Brian R. La Cour , S. Andrew Lanham , Corey I. Ostrove

Measurements that can be implemented via local operations and classical communication (LOCC) constitute a class of operations that is available in future quantum networks in which parties share entangled resource states. We characterise the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-31 Arthur C. R. Dutra , Ties-A. Ohst , Hai-Chau Nguyen , Otfried Gühne

Superdense coding proved that entanglement-assisted quantum communications can improve the data transmission rates compared to classical systems. It allows sending 2 classical bits between the parties in exchange of 1 quantum bit and a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-10-11 Sandor Imre

Since a quantum measurement generally disturbs the state of a quantum system, one might think that it should not be possible for a sender and receiver to communicate reliably when the receiver performs a large number of sequential…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-07-12 Mark M. Wilde

Shor's algorithm efficiently solves factoring and discrete logarithm problems using quantum computers, compromising all public key schemes used today. These schemes rely on assumptions on their computational complexity, which quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-25 Jaime S. Buruaga , Ruben B. Méndez , Juan P. Brito , Vicente Martin

We introduce the concept of 1Q, the first wireless generation of integrated classical and quantum communication. 1Q features quantum base stations (QBSs) that support entanglement distribution via free-space optical links alongside…

Observations of quantum systems carried out by finite observers who subsequently communicate their results using classical data structures can be described as "local operations, classical communication" (LOCC) observations. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-12-20 Chris Fields

Semi-quantum key distribution (SQKD) protocols attempt to establish a shared secret key between users, secure against computationally unbounded adversaries. Unlike standard quantum key distribution protocols, SQKD protocols contain at least…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-22 Saachi Mutreja , Walter O. Krawec

This note presents a practical cryptography protocol for transmitting classical and quantum information secretly and directly.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Li Yang , Ling-An Wu

We develop a theoretical framework for frame synchronization, also known as block synchronization, in the quantum domain which makes it possible to attach classical and quantum metadata to quantum information over a noisy channel even when…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-09-16 Yuichiro Fujiwara

Semi-device-independent quantum protocols realize information tasks - e.g. secure key distribution, random access coding, and randomness generation - in a scenario where no assumption on the internal working of the devices used in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-01-28 Michele Dall'Arno , Elsa Passaro , Rodrigo Gallego , Marcin Pawlowski , Antonio Acin

It is natural in a quantum network system that multiple users intend to send their quantum message to their respective receivers, which is called a multiple unicast quantum network. We propose a canonical method to derive a secure quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-03-31 Go Kato , Masaki Owari , Masahito Hayashi

Semi-quantum key distribution (SQKD) allows sharing random keys between a quantum user and a classical user, which significantly saves user resources, especially when using the Single-state protocol. However, the operation of the classical…

Quantum secret-sharing and quantum error-correction schemes rely on multipartite decoding protocols, yet the non-local operations involved are challenging and sometimes infeasible. Here we construct a quantum secret-sharing protocol with a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-09-02 Vlad Gheorghiu , Barry C. Sanders

Non-classical features of quantum systems have the potential to strengthen the way we currently exchange information. In this paper, we explore this enhancement on the most basic level of single particles. To be more precise, we compare how…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-25 Xinan Chen , Yujie Zhang , Andreas Winter , Virginia O. Lorenz , Eric Chitambar

We propose a class of quantum no-key protocols for private communication of classical message based on quantum computing of random Boolean permutations, and demonstrate that they are information-theoretic secure. These protocols are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-06-17 Li Yang