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Algorithm selection, a critical process of automated machine learning, aims to identify the most suitable algorithm for solving a specific problem prior to execution. Mainstream algorithm selection techniques heavily rely on problem…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-17 Xingyu Wu , Yan Zhong , Jibin Wu , Bingbing Jiang , Kay Chen Tan

Large language models (LLMs) are central to modern natural language processing, delivering exceptional performance in various tasks. However, their substantial computational and memory requirements present challenges, especially for devices…

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used for long-content generation (e.g., long Chain-of-Thought reasoning) where decoding efficiency becomes a critical bottleneck: Autoregressive decoding is inherently limited by its sequential…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Zhepei Wei , Wei-Lin Chen , Xinyu Zhu , Yu Meng

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable performance across a wide range of tasks. Despite this, the auto-regressive nature of LLM decoding, which generates only a single token per forward propagation, fails…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Pengfei Wu , Jiahao Liu , Zhuocheng Gong , Qifan Wang , Jinpeng Li , Jingang Wang , Xunliang Cai , Dongyan Zhao

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) is essential for enhancing their performance on specific tasks but is often resource-intensive due to redundant or uninformative data. To address this inefficiency, we introduce DELIFT (Data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Ishika Agarwal , Krishnateja Killamsetty , Lucian Popa , Marina Danilevksy

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) extend Large Language Models (LLMs) by handling diverse inputs such as images, audio, and video, but at the cost of adding a multimodal encoding stage that increases both computational and memory overhead.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Gursimran Singh , Xinglu Wang , Yifan Hu , Timothy Yu , Linzi Xing , Wei Jiang , Zhefeng Wang , Xiaolong Bai , Yi Li , Ying Xiong , Yong Zhang , Zhenan Fan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in handling long texts and have almost perfect performance in traditional retrieval tasks. However, their performance significantly degrades when it comes to numerical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Yijiong Yu

Large Language Models (LLMs) for complex reasoning is often hindered by high computational costs and latency, while resource-efficient Small Language Models (SLMs) typically lack the necessary reasoning capacity. Existing collaborative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Chengsong Huang , Tong Zheng , Langlin Huang , Jinyuan Li , Haolin Liu , Jiaxin Huang

Large language models (LLMs) are typically developed through large-scale pre-training followed by task-specific fine-tuning. Recent advances highlight the importance of an intermediate mid-training stage, where models undergo multiple…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Kaixiang Mo , Yuxin Shi , Weiwei Weng , Zhiqiang Zhou , Shuman Liu , Haibo Zhang , Anxiang Zeng

As Large Language Models (LLMs) achieve remarkable empirical success through scaling model and data size, pretraining has become increasingly critical yet computationally prohibitive, hindering rapid development. Despite the availability of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Ji Zhao , Yufei Gu , Shitong Shao , Xun Zhou , Liang Xiang , Zeke Xie

Recent methods have demonstrated that Large Language Models (LLMs) can solve reasoning tasks better when they are encouraged to solve subtasks of the main task first. In this paper we devise a similar strategy that breaks down reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Zhuofeng Wu , He Bai , Aonan Zhang , Jiatao Gu , VG Vinod Vydiswaran , Navdeep Jaitly , Yizhe Zhang

We investigate the robustness of Large Language Models (LLMs) to structural interventions by deleting and swapping adjacent layers during inference. Surprisingly, models retain 72-95% of their original top-1 prediction accuracy without any…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Vedang Lad , Jin Hwa Lee , Wes Gurnee , Max Tegmark

Accelerating the inference of large language models (LLMs) is a critical challenge in generative AI. Speculative decoding (SD) methods offer substantial efficiency gains by generating multiple tokens using a single target forward pass.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Nadav Timor , Jonathan Mamou , Daniel Korat , Moshe Berchansky , Gaurav Jain , Oren Pereg , Moshe Wasserblat , David Harel

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized the field of AI, demonstrating unprecedented capacity across various tasks. However, the inference process for LLMs comes with significant computational costs. In this paper, we propose an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Zangwei Zheng , Xiaozhe Ren , Fuzhao Xue , Yang Luo , Xin Jiang , Yang You

Diffusion large language models (dLLMs) are emerging as a promising alternative to autoregressive models (ARMs) due to their ability to capture bidirectional context and the potential for parallel generation. Despite the advantages, dLLM…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Zijian Zhu , Fei Ren , Zhanhong Tan , Kaisheng Ma

In Large Language Model (LLM) inference, early-exit refers to stopping computation at an intermediate layer once the prediction is sufficiently confident, thereby reducing latency and cost. However, recent LLMs adopt improved pretraining…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Rui Wei , Rui Du , Hanfei Yu , Devesh Tiwari , Jian Li , Zhaozhuo Xu , Hao Wang

Speculative decoding accelerates large language model (LLM) inference by using a small draft model to generate candidate tokens for a larger target model to verify. The efficacy of this technique hinges on the trade-off between the time…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Jiebin Zhang , Zhenghan Yu , Liang Wang , Nan Yang , Eugene J. Yu , Zheng Li , Yifan Song , Dawei Zhu , Xingxing Zhang , Furu Wei , Sujian Li

Real-world simultaneous machine translation (SimulMT) systems face more challenges than just the quality-latency trade-off. They also need to address issues related to robustness with noisy input, processing long contexts, and flexibility…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Minghan Wang , Jinming Zhao , Thuy-Trang Vu , Fatemeh Shiri , Ehsan Shareghi , Gholamreza Haffari

Large Language Models (LLMs) herald a transformative era in artificial intelligence (AI). However, the expansive scale of data and parameters of LLMs requires high-demand computational and memory resources, restricting their accessibility…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Shengwen Ding , Chenhui Hu

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable abilities in representation learning for program synthesis and understanding tasks. The quality of the learned representations appears to be dictated by the neural scaling laws as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-13 Erik Nijkamp , Hiroaki Hayashi , Caiming Xiong , Silvio Savarese , Yingbo Zhou
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