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We present neural activation coding (NAC) as a novel approach for learning deep representations from unlabeled data for downstream applications. We argue that the deep encoder should maximize its nonlinear expressivity on the data for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-09 Yookoon Park , Sangho Lee , Gunhee Kim , David M. Blei

This paper presents an approach for acoustic teleportation by disentangling speech content from acoustic environment characteristics in neural audio codec representations. Acoustic teleportation transfers room characteristics between speech…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-16 Philipp Grundhuber , Mhd Modar Halimeh , Emanuël A. P. Habets

We present an approach for unsupervised learning of speech representation disentangling contents and styles. Our model consists of: (1) a local encoder that captures per-frame information; (2) a global encoder that captures per-utterance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Andros Tjandra , Ruoming Pang , Yu Zhang , Shigeki Karita

Current large speech language models are mainly based on semantic tokens from discretization of self-supervised learned representations and acoustic tokens from a neural codec, following a semantic-modeling and acoustic-synthesis paradigm.…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Xue Jiang , Xiulian Peng , Yuan Zhang , Yan Lu

Voice conversion is the task to transform voice characteristics of source speech while preserving content information. Nowadays, self-supervised representation learning models are increasingly utilized in content extraction. However, in…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-05-02 Yimin Deng , Jianzong Wang , Xulong Zhang , Ning Cheng , Jing Xiao

Recent improvements in neural audio codec (NAC) models have generated interest in adopting pre-trained codecs for a variety of speech processing applications to take advantage of the efficiencies gained from high compression, but these have…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Jia Qi Yip , Shengkui Zhao , Dianwen Ng , Eng Siong Chng , Bin Ma

We propose using self-supervised discrete representations for the task of speech resynthesis. To generate disentangled representation, we separately extract low-bitrate representations for speech content, prosodic information, and speaker…

The goal of universal audio representation learning is to obtain foundational models that can be used for a variety of downstream tasks involving speech, music and environmental sounds. To approach this problem, methods inspired by works on…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-05-22 Leonardo Pepino , Pablo Riera , Luciana Ferrer

This paper presents a method of sequence-to-sequence (seq2seq) voice conversion using non-parallel training data. In this method, disentangled linguistic and speaker representations are extracted from acoustic features, and voice conversion…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-01-14 Jing-Xuan Zhang , Zhen-Hua Ling , Li-Rong Dai

One-shot voice conversion aims to change the timbre of any source speech to match that of the unseen target speaker with only one speech sample. Existing methods face difficulties in satisfactory speech representation disentanglement and…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Pengcheng Li , Jianzong Wang , Xulong Zhang , Yong Zhang , Jing Xiao , Ning Cheng

Recent advancements in neural audio codec (NAC) unlock new potential in audio signal processing. Studies have increasingly explored leveraging the latent features of NAC for various speech signal processing tasks. This paper introduces the…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Yuan Fang , Jinglin Bai , Jiajie Wang , Xueliang Zhang

Audio coding is an essential module in the real-time communication system. Neural audio codecs can compress audio samples with a low bitrate due to the strong modeling and generative capabilities of deep neural networks. To address the poor…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Wenzhe Liu , Wei Xiao , Meng Wang , Shan Yang , Yupeng Shi , Yuyong Kang , Dan Su , Shidong Shang , Dong Yu

Neural audio codecs are at the core of modern conversational speech technologies, converting continuous speech into sequences of discrete tokens that can be processed by LLMs. However, existing codecs typically operate at fixed frame rates,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Luca Della Libera , Cem Subakan , Mirco Ravanelli

Speech codecs serve as a crucial bridge in unifying speech and text language models. Existing codec methods face several challenges in semantic encoding, such as residual paralinguistic information (e.g., timbre, emotion), insufficient…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-06 Chunyu Qiang , Haoyu Wang , Cheng Gong , Tianrui Wang , Ruibo Fu , Tao Wang , Ruilong Chen , Jiangyan Yi , Zhengqi Wen , Chen Zhang , Longbiao Wang , Jianwu Dang , Jianhua Tao

Neural Audio Codecs (NACs) have gained growing attention in recent years as technologies for audio compression and audio representation in speech language models. While mainstream NACs typically require G-level computation and M-level…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-27 Zixiang Wan , Guochang Zhang , Yifeng He , Jianqiang Wei

Speech coding facilitates the transmission of speech over low-bandwidth networks with minimal distortion. Neural-network based speech codecs have recently demonstrated significant improvements in quality over traditional approaches. While…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-07-07 Ali Siahkoohi , Michael Chinen , Tom Denton , W. Bastiaan Kleijn , Jan Skoglund

EEG and audio are inherently distinct modalities, differing in sampling rate, channel structure, and scale. Yet, we show that pretrained neural audio codecs can serve as effective starting points for EEG compression, provided that the data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Ard Kastrati , Luca Lanzendörfer , Riccardo Rigoni , John Staib Matilla , Roger Wattenhofer

While existing speech audio codecs designed for compression exploit limited forms of temporal redundancy and allow for multi-scale representations, they tend to represent all features of audio in the same way. In contrast, generative voice…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Ryan Collette , Ross Greenwood , Serena Nicoll

Learning speaker-specific features is vital in many applications like speaker recognition, diarization and speech recognition. This paper provides a novel approach, we term Neural Predictive Coding (NPC), to learn speaker-specific…

Sound · Computer Science 2019-07-18 Arindam Jati , Panayiotis Georgiou

Zero-shot voice conversion is a technique that alters the speaker identity of an input speech to match a target speaker using only a single reference utterance, without requiring additional training. Recent approaches extensively utilize…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Youngjun Sim , Jinsung Yoon , Wooyeol Jeong , Young-Joo Suh