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Determining crystal symmetry from powder X-ray diffraction is a central problem in materials characterization, yet multiple space groups can produce indistinguishable patterns, making automated classification difficult. We show that…

Efficient exploration of the vast chemical space is a fundamental challenge in materials design and discovery, particularly for designing functional inorganic crystalline materials with targeted properties. Diffusion-based generative models…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-03-20 Sourav Mal , Nehad Ahmed , Junaid Jami , Subhankar Mishra , Prasenjit Sen

Periodic material or crystal property prediction using machine learning has grown popular in recent years as it provides a computationally efficient replacement for classical simulation methods. A crucial first step for any of these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Jonathan Balasingham , Viktor Zamaraev , Vitaliy Kurlin

Determination of crystal structures of nanocrystalline or amorphous compounds is a great challenge in solid states chemistry and physics. Pair distribution function (PDF) analysis of X-Ray or neutron total scattering data has proven to be a…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-07-14 Magnus Kløve , Sanna Sommer , Bo B. Iversen , Bjørk Hammer , Wilke Dononelli

The combination of deep learning algorithm and materials science has made significant progress in predicting novel materials and understanding various behaviours of materials. Here, we introduced a new model called as the Crystal…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-05-21 Zijian Du , Luozhijie Jin , Le Shu , Yan Cen , Yuanfeng Xu , Yongfeng Mei , Hao Zhang

Predicting crystal structures from chemical compositions is a fundamental challenge in materials discovery, complicated by complex 3D geometries that distinguish it from fields like protein folding. Here, we present Diffusion-based Crystal…

X-ray crystallography (XC) is an experimental technique used to determine three-dimensional crystalline structures. The acquired data in XC, called diffraction patterns, is the Fourier magnitudes of the unknown crystalline structure. To…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-07-09 Samuel Pinilla , Jorge Bacca , Cesar Vargas , Juan Carlos Poveda-Jaramillo , Henry Arguello

The prediction of material structure from chemical composition has been a long-standing challenge in natural science. Although there have been various methodological developments and successes with computer simulations, the prediction of…

Materials Science · Physics 2018-05-23 Naoto Tsujimoto , Daiki Adachi , Ryosuke Akashi , Synge Todo , Shinji Tsuneyuki

X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) is a powerful technique for probing local atomic environments, yet its interpretation remains limited by the need for expert-driven analysis, computationally expensive simulations, and element-specific…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Yufeng Wang , Peiyao Wang , Lu Wei , Lu Ma , Yuewei Lin , Qun Liu , Haibin Ling

Equivariant diffusion models have emerged as the prevailing approach for generating novel crystal materials due to their ability to leverage the physical symmetries of periodic material structures. However, current models do not effectively…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Kishalay Das , Subhojyoti Khastagir , Pawan Goyal , Seung-Cheol Lee , Satadeep Bhattacharjee , Niloy Ganguly

We show how generative machine learning can be used for the rapid computation of strongly dynamical electron diffraction directly from crystal structures, specifically in large-angle convergent-beam electron diffraction (LACBED) patterns.…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-07-31 Joseph J. Webb , Richard Beanland , Rudolf A. Römer

This study presents a deep learning approach to predicting structural and electronic properties of materials using Graph Neural Networks (GNNs). Leveraging data from the Materials Project database, we construct graph representations of…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2024-12-20 Selva Chandrasekaran Selvaraj

Crystal structure prediction (CSP) for inorganic materials is one of the central and most challenging problems in materials science and computational chemistry. This problem can be formulated as a global optimization problem in which global…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-01-27 Jianjun Hu , Wenhui Yang , Edirisuriya M. Dilanga Siriwardane

Multiphase powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) analysis remains a fundamental bottleneck in structure identification, as real-world synthesis often produces complex mixtures whose constituent phases (components) cannot be reliably disentangled.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Hanyu Gao , Bin Cao , Yunyue Su , Tong-Yi Zhang , Qiang Liu

X-ray diffraction (XRD) is an essential technique to determine a material's crystal structure in high-throughput experimentation, and has recently been incorporated in artificially intelligent agents in autonomous scientific discovery…

The task of deducing three-dimensional molecular configurations from their two-dimensional graph representations holds paramount importance in the fields of computational chemistry and pharmaceutical development. The rapid advancement of…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-01-09 Bobin Yang , Jie Deng , Zhenghan Chen , Ruoxue Wu

Machine learning has revolutionized many fields, including materials science. However, predicting properties of crystalline materials using machine learning faces challenges in input encoding, output versatility, and interpretability. We…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-05-22 Haosheng Xu , Dongheng Qian , Jing Wang

Powder X-ray diffraction analysis is a critical component of materials characterization methodologies. Discerning characteristic Bragg intensity peaks and assigning them to known crystalline phases is the first qualitative step of…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-04-12 Jaimie Greasley , Patrick Hosein

Prediction of the stable crystal structure for multinary (ternary or higher) compounds with unexplored compositions demands fast and accurate evaluation of free energies in exploring the vast configurational space. The machine-learning…

Computational Physics · Physics 2021-01-04 Changho Hong , Jeong Min Choi , Wonseok Jeong , Sungwoo Kang , Suyeon Ju , Kyeongpung Lee , Jisu Jung , Yong Youn , Seungwu Han

Determining atomic structure from spectroscopic data is central to materials science but remains restricted to a limited set of techniques and material classes, largely due to the computational cost and complexity of structural refinement.…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-02-25 Ian Slagle , Faisal Alamgir , Victor Fung