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Mixture of Experts (MoE) is a popular framework in the fields of statistics and machine learning for modeling heterogeneity in data for regression, classification and clustering. MoE for continuous data are usually based on the normal…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-12-22 Faicel Chamroukhi

Predicting multiple heterogeneous biological and medical targets is a challenge for traditional deep learning models. In contrast to single-task learning, in which a separate model is trained for each target, multi-task learning (MTL)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Raquel Aoki , Frederick Tung , Gabriel L. Oliveira

Multimedia content is of predominance in the modern Web era. Investigating how users interact with multimodal items is a continuing concern within the rapid development of recommender systems. The majority of previous work focuses on…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-07-22 Jinghao Zhang , Yanqiao Zhu , Qiang Liu , Shu Wu , Shuhui Wang , Liang Wang

The softmax-contaminated mixture of experts (MoE) model is deployed when a large-scale pre-trained model, which plays the role of a fixed expert, is fine-tuned for learning downstream tasks by including a new contamination part, or prompt,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-25 Fanqi Yan , Huy Nguyen , Dung Le , Pedram Akbarian , Nhat Ho , Alessandro Rinaldo

Learning generative models that span multiple data modalities, such as vision and language, is often motivated by the desire to learn more useful, generalisable representations that faithfully capture common underlying factors between the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-11-11 Yuge Shi , N. Siddharth , Brooks Paige , Philip H. S. Torr

Federated instruction tuning of large language models (LLMs) is challenged by significant data heterogeneity across clients, demanding robust personalization. The Mixture of Experts (MoE) architecture, where experts can specialize in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Fan Liu , Bikang Pan , Zhongyi Wang , Xi Yao , Xiaoying Tang , Jingya Wang , Ye Shi

Multimodal recommender systems utilize various types of information to model user preferences and item features, helping users discover items aligned with their interests. The integration of multimodal information mitigates the inherent…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Shanshan Zhong , Zhongzhan Huang , Daifeng Li , Wushao Wen , Jinghui Qin , Liang Lin

The cold-start problem is a long-standing challenge in recommender systems due to the lack of user-item interactions, which significantly hurts the recommendation effect over new users and items. Recently, meta-learning based methods…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Yuxiang Shi , Yue Ding , Bo Chen , Yuyang Huang , Yule Wang , Ruiming Tang , Dong Wang

As foundational models reshape scientific discovery, a bottleneck persists in dynamical system reconstruction (DSR): the ability to learn across system hierarchies. Many meta-learning approaches have been applied successfully to single…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Roussel Desmond Nzoyem , Grant Stevens , Amarpal Sahota , David A. W. Barton , Tom Deakin

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) excel at vision-language tasks, but they suffer from high computational inefficiency. To reduce inference overhead, expert skipping methods have been proposed to deactivate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Yushi Huang , Zining Wang , Zhihang Yuan , Yifu Ding , Ruihao Gong , Jinyang Guo , Xianglong Liu , Jun Zhang

Mixture of Experts (MoE) is a popular framework for modeling heterogeneity in data for regression, classification and clustering. For continuous data which we consider here in the context of regression and cluster analysis, MoE usually use…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-06-30 Faicel Chamroukhi

This work proposes a new data-driven model devised to integrate process knowledge into its structure to increase the human-machine synergy in the process industry. The proposed Contextual Mixture of Experts (cMoE) explicitly uses process…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-02 Francisco Souza , Tim Offermans , Ruud Barendse , Geert Postma , Jeroen Jansen

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models have become a key approach for scaling large language models efficiently by activating only a subset of experts during training and inference. Typically, the number of activated experts presents a trade-off:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Yifei He , Yang Liu , Chen Liang , Hany Hassan Awadalla

Recommendation systems have become popular and effective tools to help users discover their interesting items by modeling the user preference and item property based on implicit interactions (e.g., purchasing and clicking). Humans perceive…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Hongyu Zhou , Xin Zhou , Zhiwei Zeng , Lingzi Zhang , Zhiqi Shen

Combining pre-trained expert models offers substantial potential for scalable multimodal reasoning, but building a unified framework remains challenging due to the increasing diversity of input modalities and task complexity. For instance,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Shoubin Yu , Yue Zhang , Ziyang Wang , Jaehong Yoon , Mohit Bansal

The Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) technique has proven to be a promising solution to efficiently scale the model size, which has been widely applied in recent LLM advancements. However, the substantial memory overhead of MoE models has made…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Ruijie Miao , Yilun Yao , Zihan Wang , Zhiming Wang , Bairen Yi , LingJun Liu , Yikai Zhao , Tong Yang

The cold start problem is a common challenge in various domains, including media use cases such as predicting viewership for newly launched shows on Over-The-Top (OTT) platforms. In this study, we propose a generic approach to tackle cold…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-16 K. Ganguly , A. Patra

Scaling large language models has driven remarkable advancements across various domains, yet the continual increase in model size presents significant challenges for real-world deployment. The Mixture of Experts (MoE) architecture offers a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Shwai He , Daize Dong , Liang Ding , Ang Li

Modern large language models leverage Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures for efficient scaling, but face a critical challenge: functionally similar experts are often selected simultaneously, creating redundant computation and limiting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Chen Zheng , Yuhang Cai , Deyi Liu , Jin Ma , Yiyuan Ma , Yuan Yang , Jing Liu , Yutao Zeng , Xun Zhou , Siyuan Qiao

Linear mixed-effects model (LMM) is a cornerstone of longitudinal data analysis, but is limited to adeptly make heterogeneous analyses predictable under both group-specific fixed effects and subject-specific random effects. To address this…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-10 Xinkai Yue , Xiaodong Yan , Haohui Han , Liya Fu