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We present a hybrid framework for adaptive insider-threat detection that tightly integrates multi-agent simulation (MAS), layered Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) correlation, behavioral and communication forensics,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Firdous Kausar , Asmah Muallem , Naw Safrin Sattar , Mohamed Zakaria Kurdi

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in enterprise settings where they interact with multiple users and are trained or fine-tuned on sensitive internal data. While fine-tuning enhances performance by internalizing domain…

Rapidly evolving cyberattacks demand incident response systems that can autonomously learn and adapt to changing threats. Prior work has extensively explored the reinforcement learning approach, which involves learning response strategies…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Yiran Gao , Kim Hammar , Tao Li

Autonomous browsing agents powered by large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to automate web-based tasks. However, their reliance on dynamic content, tool execution, and user-provided data exposes them to a broad attack surface.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Mykyta Mudryi , Markiyan Chaklosh , Grzegorz Wójcik

The rapid advancement of Large Language Model (LLM)-driven multi-agent systems has significantly streamlined software developing tasks, enabling users with little technical expertise to develop executable applications. While these systems…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Xiaoqing Wang , Keman Huang , Bin Liang , Hongyu Li , Xiaoyong Du

The rapid proliferation of LLM-based autonomous agents in real operating system environments introduces a new category of safety risk beyond content safety: behavior jailbreak, where an adversary induces an agent to execute dangerous…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Chiyu Zhang , Huiqin Yang , Bendong Jiang , Xiaolei Zhang , Yiran Zhao , Ruyi Chen , Lu Zhou , Xiaogang Xu , Jiafei Wu , Liming Fang , Zhe Liu

With the prosperity of large language models (LLMs), powerful LLM-based intelligent agents have been developed to provide customized services with a set of user-defined tools. State-of-the-art methods for constructing LLM agents adopt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Yifei Wang , Dizhan Xue , Shengjie Zhang , Shengsheng Qian

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in multi-agent systems where agents communicate in natural language to solve tasks jointly. A key capability in such systems is consensus formation, where agents iteratively exchange…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Xiaolin Sun , Zixuan Liu , Yibin Hu , Zizhan Zheng

Multi-agent systems powered by Large Language Models (LLM-MAS) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in collaborative problem-solving. However, their deployment also introduces new security risks. Existing research on LLM-based agents…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Yizhe Xie , Congcong Zhu , Xinyue Zhang , Tianqing Zhu , Dayong Ye , Minghao Wang , Chi Liu

Insider threats represent one of the most critical challenges in modern cybersecurity. These threats arise from individuals within an organization who misuse their legitimate access to harm the organization's assets, data, or operations.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Anas Ali , Mubashar Husain , Peter Hans

Large Language Models (LLMs) are intensively used to assist security analysts in counteracting the rapid exploitation of cyber threats, wherein LLMs offer cyber threat intelligence (CTI) to support vulnerability assessment and incident…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Luoxi Tang , Yuqiao Meng , Ankita Patra , Weicheng Ma , Muchao Ye , Zhaohan Xi

The rapid adoption of Large Language Model (LLM) agents and multi-agent systems enables remarkable capabilities in natural language processing and generation. However, these systems introduce security vulnerabilities that extend beyond…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Matteo Lupinacci , Francesco Aurelio Pironti , Francesco Blefari , Francesco Romeo , Luigi Arena , Angelo Furfaro

The rapid evolution of Large Language Models (LLMs) has unlocked new possibilities for applying artificial intelligence across a wide range of fields, including privacy engineering. As modern applications increasingly handle sensitive user…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Majid Mollaeefar , Andrea Bissoli , Silvio Ranise

Graphical user interface (GUI) agents powered by multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown greater promise for human-interaction. However, due to the high fine-tuning cost, users often rely on open-source GUI agents or APIs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Pengzhou Cheng , Haowen Hu , Zheng Wu , Zongru Wu , Tianjie Ju , Zhuosheng Zhang , Gongshen Liu

Insider attacks are one of the most challenging cybersecurity issues for companies, businesses and critical infrastructures. Despite the implemented perimeter defences, the risk of this kind of attack is still very high. In fact, the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Efthimios Pantelidis , Gueltoum Bendiab , Stavros Shiaeles , Nicholas Kolokotronis

Recent advances in Language Model (LM) agents and tool use, exemplified by applications like ChatGPT Plugins, enable a rich set of capabilities but also amplify potential risks - such as leaking private data or causing financial losses.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Yangjun Ruan , Honghua Dong , Andrew Wang , Silviu Pitis , Yongchao Zhou , Jimmy Ba , Yann Dubois , Chris J. Maddison , Tatsunori Hashimoto

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to help security analysts manage the surge of cyber threats, automating tasks from vulnerability assessment to incident response. Yet in operational CTI workflows, reliability gaps remain…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Yuqiao Meng , Luoxi Tang , Feiyang Yu , Jinyuan Jia , Guanhua Yan , Ping Yang , Zhaohan Xi

The popularity of large language models (LLMs) continues to grow, and LLM-based assistants have become ubiquitous. Information security awareness (ISA) is an important yet underexplored area of LLM safety. ISA encompasses LLMs' security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Ofir Cohen , Gil Ari Agmon , Asaf Shabtai , Rami Puzis

SIEM systems are prevalent and play a critical role in a variety of analyst workflows in Security Operation Centers. However, modern SIEMs face a big challenge: they still cannot relieve analysts from the repetitive tasks involved in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-19 PeiYu Tseng , ZihDwo Yeh , Xushu Dai , Peng Liu

AI agents powered by large language models (LLMs) are being deployed at scale, yet we lack a systematic understanding of how the choice of backbone LLM affects agent security. The non-deterministic sequential nature of AI agents complicates…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Julia Bazinska , Max Mathys , Francesco Casucci , Mateo Rojas-Carulla , Xander Davies , Alexandra Souly , Niklas Pfister