English
Related papers

Related papers: Multi-Turn Jailbreaks Are Simpler Than They Seem

200 papers

Although Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant capabilities in executing complex tasks in a zero-shot manner, they are susceptible to jailbreak attacks and can be manipulated to produce harmful outputs. Recently, a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Zhao Xu , Fan Liu , Hao Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across diverse tasks. Nevertheless, they still pose notable safety risks due to potential misuse for malicious purposes. Jailbreaking, which seeks to induce models to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Hua Tang , Lingyong Yan , Yukun Zhao , Shuaiqiang Wang , Jizhou Huang , Dawei Yin

The availability of Large Language Models (LLMs) has led to a new generation of powerful chatbots that can be developed at relatively low cost. As companies deploy these tools, security challenges need to be addressed to prevent financial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Ahmad Alobaid , Martí Jordà Roca , Carlos Castillo , Joan Vendrell

We introduce Tempest, a multi-turn adversarial framework that models the gradual erosion of Large Language Model (LLM) safety through a tree search perspective. Unlike single-turn jailbreaks that rely on one meticulously engineered prompt,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Andy Zhou , Ron Arel

Large Language Models (LLMs) remain susceptible to jailbreak exploits that bypass safety filters and induce harmful or unethical behavior. This work presents a systematic taxonomy of existing jailbreak defenses across prompt-level,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Ryan Wong , Hosea David Yu Fei Ng , Dhananjai Sharma , Glenn Jun Jie Ng , Kavishvaran Srinivasan

Large language models (LLMs) are widely used in real-world applications, raising concerns about their safety and trustworthiness. While red-teaming with jailbreak prompts exposes the vulnerabilities of LLMs, current efforts focus primarily…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Yi Zhao , Youzhi Zhang

The rapid progress of Large Language Models (LLMs) has opened up new opportunities across various domains and applications; yet it also presents challenges related to potential misuse. To mitigate such risks, red teaming has been employed…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Yifan Jiang , Kriti Aggarwal , Tanmay Laud , Kashif Munir , Jay Pujara , Subhabrata Mukherjee

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities, but their power comes with significant security considerations. While extensive research has been conducted on the safety of LLMs in chat mode, the security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Zihui Wu , Haichang Gao , Jianping He , Ping Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success but remain highly susceptible to jailbreak attacks, in which adversarial prompts coerce models into generating harmful, unethical, or policy-violating outputs. Such attacks pose…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Feiyue Xu , Hongsheng Hu , Chaoxiang He , Sheng Hang , Hanqing Hu , Xiuming Liu , Yubo Zhao , Zhengyan Zhou , Bin Benjamin Zhu , Shi-Feng Sun , Dawu Gu , Shuo Wang

As deep learning advances, Large Language Models (LLMs) and their multimodal counterparts, Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), have shown exceptional performance in many real-world tasks. However, MLLMs face significant security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Fenghua Weng , Yue Xu , Chengyan Fu , Wenjie Wang

Jailbreaking techniques pose a significant threat to the safety of Large Language Models (LLMs). Existing defenses typically focus on single-turn attacks, lack coverage across languages, and rely on limited taxonomies that either fail to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Francesco Giarrusso , Olga E. Sorokoletova , Vincenzo Suriani , Daniele Nardi

Multi-turn jailbreaks exploit the ability of large language models to accumulate and act on conversational context. Instead of stating a harmful request directly, an attacker can gradually steer the conversation toward an unsafe answer.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Xinkai Zhang , Zhipeng Wei , Huanli Gong , Jing Ting Zheng , Yuchen Zhang , Yue Dong , N. Benjamin Erichson

Jailbreaking is an emerging adversarial attack that bypasses the safety alignment deployed in off-the-shelf large language models (LLMs) and has evolved into multiple categories: human-based, optimization-based, generation-based, and the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Xunguang Wang , Daoyuan Wu , Zhenlan Ji , Zongjie Li , Pingchuan Ma , Shuai Wang , Yingjiu Li , Yang Liu , Ning Liu , Juergen Rahmel

Despite extensive pre-training in moral alignment to prevent generating harmful information, large language models (LLMs) remain vulnerable to jailbreak attacks. In this paper, we propose AutoDefense, a multi-agent defense framework that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-15 Yifan Zeng , Yiran Wu , Xiao Zhang , Huazheng Wang , Qingyun Wu

As large language models (LLMs) grow more capable, they face growing vulnerability to sophisticated jailbreak attacks. While developers invest heavily in alignment finetuning and safety guardrails, researchers continue publishing novel…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Boyuan Chen , Minghao Shao , Abdul Basit , Siddharth Garg , Muhammad Shafique

As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed, ensuring their safe use is paramount. Jailbreaking, adversarial prompts that bypass model alignment to trigger harmful outputs, present significant risks, with existing studies…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Yuan Xin , Dingfan Chen , Linyi Yang , Michael Backes , Xiao Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) remain vulnerable to sophisticated prompt engineering attacks that exploit contextual framing to bypass safety mechanisms, posing significant risks in cybersecurity applications. We introduce Jailbreak Mimicry,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Pavlos Ntais

LLM jailbreaks are a widespread safety challenge. Given this problem has not yet been tractable, we suggest targeting a key failure mechanism: the failure of safety to generalize across semantically equivalent inputs. We further focus the…

This paper introduces FRACTURED-SORRY-Bench, a framework for evaluating the safety of Large Language Models (LLMs) against multi-turn conversational attacks. Building upon the SORRY-Bench dataset, we propose a simple yet effective method…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Aman Priyanshu , Supriti Vijay

The recent surge in jailbreaking attacks has revealed significant vulnerabilities in Large Language Models (LLMs) when exposed to malicious inputs. While various defense strategies have been proposed to mitigate these threats, there has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Tianlong Li , Zhenghua Wang , Wenhao Liu , Muling Wu , Shihan Dou , Changze Lv , Xiaohua Wang , Xiaoqing Zheng , Xuanjing Huang