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Attribution maps are one of the most established tools to explain the functioning of computer vision models. They assign importance scores to input features, indicating how relevant each feature is for the prediction of a deep neural…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Robin Hesse , Simone Schaub-Meyer , Stefan Roth

Feature attribution explains neural network outputs by identifying relevant input features. The attribution has to be faithful, meaning that the attributed features must mirror the input features that influence the output. One recent trend…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-15 Yang Zhang , Yawei Li , Hannah Brown , Mina Rezaei , Bernd Bischl , Philip Torr , Ashkan Khakzar , Kenji Kawaguchi

In recent years, neural networks have demonstrated their remarkable ability to discern intricate patterns and relationships from raw data. However, understanding the inner workings of these black box models remains challenging, yet crucial…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-04-18 Niklas Koenen , Marvin N. Wright

Attribution methods have been developed to understand the decision-making process of machine learning models, especially deep neural networks, by assigning importance scores to individual features. Existing attribution methods often built…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-04-14 Huiqi Deng , Na Zou , Mengnan Du , Weifu Chen , Guocan Feng , Xia Hu

To better understand the output of deep neural networks (DNN), attribution based methods have been an important approach for model interpretability, which assign a score for each input dimension to indicate its importance towards the model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-22 Zhiyu Zhu , Huaming Chen , Jiayu Zhang , Xinyi Wang , Zhibo Jin , Minhui Xue , Dongxiao Zhu , Kim-Kwang Raymond Choo

Motivated by distinct, though related, criteria, a growing number of attribution methods have been developed tointerprete deep learning. While each relies on the interpretability of the concept of "importance" and our ability to visualize…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-04-07 Zifan Wang , Piotr Mardziel , Anupam Datta , Matt Fredrikson

Attribution methods provide an insight into the decision-making process of machine learning models, especially deep neural networks, by assigning contribution scores to each individual feature. However, the attribution problem has not been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Huiqi Deng , Na Zou , Mengnan Du , Weifu Chen , Guocan Feng , Xia Hu

Feature attribution methods are popular in interpretable machine learning. These methods compute the attribution of each input feature to represent its importance, but there is no consensus on the definition of "attribution", leading to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-16 Yilun Zhou , Serena Booth , Marco Tulio Ribeiro , Julie Shah

Various attribution methods have been developed to explain deep neural networks (DNNs) by inferring the attribution/importance/contribution score of each input variable to the final output. However, existing attribution methods are often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Huiqi Deng , Na Zou , Mengnan Du , Weifu Chen , Guocan Feng , Ziwei Yang , Zheyang Li , Quanshi Zhang

Ensuring the trustworthiness and interpretability of machine learning models is critical to their deployment in real-world applications. Feature attribution methods have gained significant attention, which provide local explanations of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Md Abdul Kadir , Gowtham Krishna Addluri , Daniel Sonntag

With the rise of deep neural networks, the challenge of explaining the predictions of these networks has become increasingly recognized. While many methods for explaining the decisions of deep neural networks exist, there is currently no…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-13 Ian E. Nielsen , Dimah Dera , Ghulam Rasool , Nidhal Bouaynaya , Ravi P. Ramachandran

Understanding the flow of information in Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) is a challenging problem that has gain increasing attention over the last few years. While several methods have been proposed to explain network predictions, there have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-03-08 Marco Ancona , Enea Ceolini , Cengiz Öztireli , Markus Gross

Explainability has been widely stated as a cornerstone of the responsible and trustworthy use of machine learning models. With the ubiquitous use of Deep Neural Network (DNN) models expanding to risk-sensitive and safety-critical domains,…

Deep neural networks are very successful on many vision tasks, but hard to interpret due to their black box nature. To overcome this, various post-hoc attribution methods have been proposed to identify image regions most influential to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Sukrut Rao , Moritz Böhle , Bernt Schiele

Modern deep learning models are notoriously opaque, which has motivated the development of methods for interpreting how deep models predict. This goal is usually approached with attribution method, which assesses the influence of features…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Yiming Ju , Yuanzhe Zhang , Zhao Yang , Zhongtao Jiang , Kang Liu , Jun Zhao

As interpretability has been pointed out as the obstacle to the adoption of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), there is an increasing interest in solving a transparency issue to guarantee the impressive performance. In this paper, we demonstrate…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-20 Woo-Jeoung Nam , Seong-Whan Lee

Deep neural network predictions are notoriously difficult to interpret. Feature attribution methods aim to explain these predictions by identifying the contribution of each input feature. Faithfulness, often evaluated using the area over…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Joakim Edin , Andreas Geert Motzfeldt , Casper L. Christensen , Tuukka Ruotsalo , Lars Maaløe , Maria Maistro

Deep neural networks are often considered opaque systems, prompting the need for explainability methods to improve trust and accountability. Existing approaches typically attribute test-time predictions either to input features (e.g.,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Aziz Bacha , Thomas George

Feature attribution methods, which explain an individual prediction made by a model as a sum of attributions for each input feature, are an essential tool for understanding the behavior of complex deep learning models. However, ensuring…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-28 Ethan Weinberger , Joseph Janizek , Su-In Lee

Post-hoc importance attribution methods are a popular tool for "explaining" Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) and are inherently based on the assumption that the explanations can be applied independently of how the models were trained.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Siddhartha Gairola , Moritz Böhle , Francesco Locatello , Bernt Schiele
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