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Humans learn how and when to apply forces in the world via a complex physiological and psychological learning process. Attempting to replicate this in vision-language models (VLMs) presents two challenges: VLMs can produce harmful behavior,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-27 William Xie , Enora Rice , Nikolaus Correll

Bridging the gap between natural language commands and autonomous execution in unstructured environments remains an open challenge for robotics. This requires robots to perceive and reason over the current task scene through multiple…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Jin Wang , Kim Tien Ly , Jacques Cloete , Nikos Tsagarakis , Ioannis Havoutis

Predicting temporal progress from visual trajectories is important for intelligent robots that can learn, adapt, and improve. However, learning such progress estimator, or temporal value function, across different tasks and domains requires…

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have shown great success as foundational models for downstream vision and natural language applications in a variety of domains. However, these models are limited to reasoning over objects and actions currently…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Zachary Chavis , Hyun Soo Park , Stephen J. Guy

Medical Vision-Language Models (VLMs) hold immense promise for complex clinical tasks, but their reasoning capabilities are often constrained by text-only paradigms that fail to ground inferences in visual evidence. This limitation not only…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Zheng Jiang , Heng Guo , Chengyu Fang , Changchen Xiao , Xinyang Hu , Lifeng Sun , Minfeng Xu

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated great potential in interpreting remote sensing (RS) images through language-guided semantic. However, the effectiveness of these VLMs critically depends on high-quality image-text training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Dilxat Muhtar , Enzhuo Zhang , Zhenshi Li , Feng Gu , Yanglangxing He , Pengfeng Xiao , Xueliang Zhang

Enabling humanoid robots to reliably execute complex multi-step manipulation tasks is crucial for their effective deployment in industrial and household environments. This paper presents a hierarchical planning and control framework…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-11 André Schakkal , Ben Zandonati , Zhutian Yang , Navid Azizan

Robots operating in human-shared environments must not only achieve task-level navigation objectives such as safety and efficiency, but also adapt their behavior to human preferences. However, as human preferences are typically expressed in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Tharun Sethuraman , Subham Agrawal , Nils Dengler , Jorge de Heuvel , Teena Hassan , Maren Bennewitz

Imitation learning is a popular approach for teaching motor skills to robots. However, most approaches focus on extracting policy parameters from execution traces alone (i.e., motion trajectories and perceptual data). No adequate…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Simon Stepputtis , Joseph Campbell , Mariano Phielipp , Stefan Lee , Chitta Baral , Heni Ben Amor

Traditional neural network models for intent inference rely heavily on observable states and struggle to generalize across diverse tasks and dynamic environments. Recent advances in Vision Language Models (VLMs) and Vision Language Action…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Anshul Nayak , Shahil Shaik , Yue Wang

Understanding action correspondence between humans and robots is essential for evaluating alignment in decision-making, particularly in human-robot collaboration and imitation learning within unstructured environments. We propose a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Azizul Zahid , Jie Fan , Farong Wang , Ashton Dy , Sai Swaminathan , Fei Liu

Video understanding requires not only visual recognition but also complex reasoning. While Vision-Language Models (VLMs) demonstrate impressive capabilities, they typically process videos largely in a single-pass manner with limited support…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Hong Gao , Yiming Bao , Xuezhen Tu , Yutong Xu , Yue Jin , Yiyang Mu , Bin Zhong , Linan Yue , Min-Ling Zhang

Large Language Model (LLM)-based Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have substantially extended the boundaries of visual understanding capabilities. However, their high computational demands hinder deployment on resource-constrained edge…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Haotong Qin , Cheng Hu , Michele Magno

Consistent high-quality nursing care is essential for patient safety, yet current nursing education depends on subjective, time-intensive instructor feedback in training future nurses, which limits scalability and efficiency in their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Shen Chang , Dennis Liu , Renran Tian , Kristen L. Swartzell , Stacie L. Klingler , Amy M. Nagle , Nan Kong

Humans can quickly learn new behaviors by leveraging background world knowledge. In contrast, agents trained with reinforcement learning (RL) typically learn behaviors from scratch. We thus propose a novel approach that uses the vast…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-24 William Chen , Oier Mees , Aviral Kumar , Sergey Levine

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) excel at many multimodal tasks, yet they frequently struggle with tasks requiring precise understanding and handling of fine-grained visual elements. This is mainly due to information loss during image encoding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Xuchen Li , Xuzhao Li , Jiahui Gao , Renjie Pi , Shiyu Hu , Wentao Zhang

This work aims to learn how to perform complex robot manipulation tasks that are composed of several, consecutively executed low-level sub-tasks, given as input a few visual demonstrations of the tasks performed by a person. The sub-tasks…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-03-09 Junchi Liang , Bowen Wen , Kostas Bekris , Abdeslam Boularias

Learning from Demonstrations, particularly from biological experts like humans and animals, often encounters significant data acquisition challenges. While recent approaches leverage internet videos for learning, they require complex,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Harsh Mahesheka , Zhixian Xie , Zhaoran Wang , Wanxin Jin

In our daily lives, we can naturally convey instructions for the spatial manipulation of objects using words and gestures. Transposing this form of interaction into virtual reality (VR) object manipulation can be beneficial. We propose VR…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Xiangzhi Eric Wang , Zackary P. T. Sin , Ye Jia , Daniel Archer , Wynonna H. Y. Fong , Qing Li , Chen Li

While significant progress has been made on understanding hand-object interactions in computer vision, it is still very challenging for robots to perform complex dexterous manipulation. In this paper, we propose a new platform and pipeline…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-07 Yuzhe Qin , Yueh-Hua Wu , Shaowei Liu , Hanwen Jiang , Ruihan Yang , Yang Fu , Xiaolong Wang