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Related papers: IBPS: Indian Bail Prediction System

200 papers

Pretrial risk assessment tools are used in jurisdictions across the country to assess the likelihood of "pretrial failure," the event where defendants either fail to appear for court or reoffend. Judicial officers, in turn, use these…

Applications · Statistics 2024-05-24 Kimberly A. Hochstedler Webb , Sarah A. Riley , Martin T. Wells

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become an important part of our everyday lives, yet user requirements for designing AI-assisted systems in law enforcement remain unclear. To address this gap, we conducted qualitative research on…

Decision-guided perspectives on model uncertainty expand traditional statistical thinking about managing, comparing and combining inferences from sets of models. Bayesian predictive decision synthesis (BPDS) advances conceptual and…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-05-09 Emily Tallman , Mike West

The advent of machine learning techniques has made it possible to obtain predictive systems that have overturned traditional legal practices. However, rather than leading to systems seeking to replace humans, the search for the determinants…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-07-10 Fabrice Muhlenbach , Long Nguyen Phuoc , Isabelle Sayn

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in dialogue generation and reasoning, yet their effectiveness in eliciting user-known but concealed information in open-ended conversations remains limited. In many interactive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Tao Wang , Jingyao Lu , Xibo Wang , Haonan Huang , Su Yao , Zhiqiang Hu , Xingyan Chen , Enmao Diao

Fairness studies of algorithmic decision-making systems often simplify complex decision processes, such as bail or loan approvals, into binary classification tasks. However, these approaches overlook that such decisions are not inherently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Ayan Majumdar , Deborah D. Kanubala , Kavya Gupta , Isabel Valera

Because of the increasing use of data-centric systems and algorithms in machine learning, the topic of fairness is receiving a lot of attention in the academic and broader literature. This paper introduces Dbias…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-08-12 Shaina Raza , Deepak John Reji , Chen Ding

India's Right to Information Act, 2005 gives every citizen the right to demand information from public authorities, yet in practice most people cannot make sense of the dense administrative language used in Central Information Commission…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Joy Bose

Automated decision systems (ADS) have become ubiquitous in many high-stakes domains. Those systems typically involve sophisticated yet opaque artificial intelligence (AI) techniques that seldom allow for full comprehension of their inner…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Jakob Schoeffer , Yvette Machowski , Niklas Kuehl

Currently, there is uncertainty surrounding the merits of open-source versus proprietary algorithm development. Though justification in favor of each exists, we argue that open-source algorithm development should be the standard in highly…

Applications · Statistics 2020-11-13 Philip D. Waggoner , Alec Macmillen

Scholars have focused on algorithms used during sentencing, bail, and parole, but little work explores what we call carceral algorithms that are used during incarceration. This paper is focused on the Pennsylvania Additive Classification…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Vanessa Massaro , Swarup Dhar , Darakhshan Mir , Nathan C. Ryan

The growing reliance on Artificial Intelligence (AI) models in high-stakes decision-making systems, particularly within emerging telecom and 6G applications, underscores the urgent need for transparent and standardized fairness assessment…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Shashank Prakash , Ranjitha Prasad , Avinash Agarwal

In the current competitive environment, it is crucial for manufacturers to make the best decisions in the shortest time, in order to optimize the efficiency and effectiveness of the manufacturing systems. These decisions reach from the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-06-16 Fadwa Oukhay , Pascale Zaraté , Taieb Romdhane

Scoring systems, as a type of predictive model, have significant advantages in interpretability and transparency and facilitate quick decision-making. As such, scoring systems have been extensively used in a wide variety of industries such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-23 Yi Yang , Ying Wu , Mei Li , Xiangyu Chang , Yong Tan

The judiciary has historically been conservative in its use of Artificial Intelligence, but recent advances in machine learning have prompted scholars to reconsider such use in tasks like sentence prediction. This paper investigates by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Harry Rodger , Andrew Lensen , Marcin Betkier

The Multi-valued Action Reasoning System (MARS) is an automated value-based ethical decision-making model for artificial agents (AI). Given a set of available actions and an underlying moral paradigm, by employing MARS one can identify the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-02-08 Cosmin Badea

Automatically understanding the rhetorical roles of sentences in a legal case judgement is an important problem to solve, since it can help in several downstream tasks like summarization of legal judgments, legal search, and so on. The task…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-11-14 Paheli Bhattacharya , Shounak Paul , Kripabandhu Ghosh , Saptarshi Ghosh , Adam Wyner

Accountable use of AI systems in high-stakes settings relies on making systems contestable. In this paper we study efforts to contest AI systems in practice by studying how public defenders scrutinize AI in court. We present findings from…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Angela Jin , Niloufar Salehi

AI has the potential to augment human decision making. However, even high-performing models can produce inaccurate predictions when deployed. These inaccuracies, combined with automation bias, where humans overrely on AI predictions, can…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Sarah Jabbour , David Fouhey , Nikola Banovic , Stephanie D. Shepard , Ella Kazerooni , Michael W. Sjoding , Jenna Wiens

Artificial intelligence supports healthcare professionals with predictive modeling, greatly transforming clinical decision-making. This study addresses the crucial need for fairness and explainability in AI applications within healthcare to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Chia-Hsuan Chang , Xiaoyang Wang , Christopher C. Yang