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Federated fine-tuning has emerged as a promising approach to adapt foundation models to downstream tasks using decentralized data. However, real-world deployment remains challenging due to the high computational and communication demands of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Yajie Zhou , Xiaoyi Pang , Zhibo Wang

Explainable AI (XAI) methods help identify which image regions influence a model's prediction, but often face a trade-off between detail and interpretability. Layer-wise Relevance Propagation (LRP) offers a model-aware alternative. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Emerald Zhang , Julian Weaver , Samantha R Santacruz , Edward Castillo

Large Language Models have shown remarkable capabilities in the NLP domain. Their effectiveness can mainly be attributed to their ability to adapt to an array of downstream tasks. However, generally, full fine-tuning is a computationally…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Harsh Bihany , Shubham Patel , Ashutosh Modi

The task of word-level quality estimation (QE) consists of taking a source sentence and machine-generated translation, and predicting which words in the output are correct and which are wrong. In this paper, propose a method to effectively…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-05 Junjie Hu , Wei-Cheng Chang , Yuexin Wu , Graham Neubig

Recent breakthroughs in Large-scale language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance on various tasks. The immense sizes of LLMs have led to very high resource demand and cost for running the models. Though the models are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Juntao Zhao , Borui Wan , Yanghua Peng , Haibin Lin , Chuan Wu

Large Language Models (LLMs) are computationally intensive, particularly during inference. Neuron-adaptive techniques, which selectively activate neurons in Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) layers, offer some speedups but suffer from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Roberto Garcia , Jerry Liu , Daniel Sorvisto , Sabri Eyuboglu

This paper presents a comprehensive evaluation of the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) in metaphor interpretation across multiple datasets, tasks, and prompt configurations. Although metaphor processing has gained significant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Elisa Sanchez-Bayona , Rodrigo Agerri

Autonomous Machine Learning Engineering (MLE) requires agents to perform sustained, iterative optimization over long horizons. While recent LLM-based agents show promise, current prompt-based agents for MLE suffer from behavioral stagnation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Yuzhu Cai , Zexi Liu , Xinyu Zhu , Cheng Wang , Yanfeng Wang , Siheng Chen

Self-adaptive large language models (LLMs) aim to solve the challenges posed by traditional fine-tuning methods, which are often computationally intensive and static in their ability to handle diverse tasks. We introduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Qi Sun , Edoardo Cetin , Yujin Tang

Quality Estimation (QE) models have the potential to change how we evaluate and maybe even train machine translation models. However, these models still lack the robustness to achieve general adoption. We show that State-of-the-art QE…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-17 Muhammed Yusuf Kocyigit , Jiho Lee , Derry Wijaya

We propose a new finetuning method to provide pre-trained large language models (LMs) the ability to scale test-time compute through the diffusion framework. By increasing the number of diffusion steps, we show our finetuned models achieve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Edoardo Cetin , Tianyu Zhao , Yujin Tang

Loop transformations are semantics-preserving optimization techniques, widely used to maximize objectives such as parallelism. Despite decades of research, applying the optimal composition of loop transformations remains challenging due to…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Yijie Zhi , Yayu Cao , Jianhua Dai , Xiaoyang Han , Jingwen Pu , Qingran Wu , Sheng Cheng , Ming Cai

The scaling of large language models (LLMs) has revolutionized their capabilities in various tasks, yet this growth must be matched with efficient computational strategies. The Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architecture stands out for its…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Zihan Qiu , Zeyu Huang , Shuang Cheng , Yizhi Zhou , Zili Wang , Ivan Titov , Jie Fu

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have emphasized the critical role of fine-tuning (FT) techniques in adapting LLMs to specific tasks, especially when retraining from scratch is computationally infeasible. Fine-tuning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Xiao Han , Zimo Zhao , Wanyu Wang , Maolin Wang , Zitao Liu , Yi Chang , Xiangyu Zhao

Neural machine translation systems estimate probabilities of target sentences given source sentences, yet these estimates may not align with human preferences. This work introduces QE-fusion, a method that synthesizes translations using a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Giorgos Vernikos , Andrei Popescu-Belis

This paper addresses the challenge of train-short-test-long (TSTL) scenarios in Large Language Models (LLMs) equipped with Rotary Position Embedding (RoPE), where models pre-trained on shorter sequences face difficulty with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Suyuchen Wang , Ivan Kobyzev , Peng Lu , Mehdi Rezagholizadeh , Bang Liu

A new paradigm for machine translation has recently emerged: fine-tuning large language models (LLM) on parallel text has been shown to outperform dedicated translation systems trained in a supervised fashion on much larger amounts of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Aquia Richburg , Marine Carpuat

Subword tokenization methods, such as Byte-Pair Encoding (BPE), significantly impact the performance and efficiency of large language models (LLMs). The standard approach involves training a general-purpose tokenizer that uniformly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Vijini Liyanage , François Yvon

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in various natural language processing tasks, but leveraging them for dense passage embedding remains challenging. This is due to their causal attention mechanism and the misalignment between their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-08 Hieu Man , Nghia Trung Ngo , Franck Dernoncourt , Thien Huu Nguyen

Sentiment analysis plays a crucial role in various domains, such as business intelligence and financial forecasting. Large language models (LLMs) have become a popular paradigm for sentiment analysis, leveraging multi-task learning to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Hongcheng Ding , Xuanze Zhao , Ruiting Deng , Shamsul Nahar Abdullah , Deshinta Arrova Dewi , Zixiao Jiang