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Concerns about big tech's monopoly power have featured prominently in recent media and policy discourse, as regulators across the European Union (EU), the United States (US) and beyond have ramped up efforts to promote healthier market…
This article sheds light on legal implications and challenges surrounding emotion data processing within the EU's legal framework. Despite the sensitive nature of emotion data, the GDPR does not categorize it as special data, resulting in a…
Both technical security mechanisms and legal processes serve as mechanisms to deal with misbehaviour according to a set of norms. While they share general similarities, there are also clear differences in how they are defined, act, and the…
The EU's Artificial Intelligence Act (AI Act) is a significant step towards responsible AI development, but lacks clear technical interpretation, making it difficult to assess models' compliance. This work presents COMPL-AI, a comprehensive…
In open multi-agent agent systems that cross organisational boundaries, agent actions must be regulated by complex policies. Consider medical data processing systems, which must observe generic laws (e.g., EU data protection regulations)…
Integrated and efficient mobility requires data sharing among the involved stakeholders. In this direction, regulators and transport authorities have been defining policies to foster the digitalisation and online publication of mobility…
Artificial intelligence (AI) systems, such as machine learning algorithms, have allowed scientists, marketers and governments to shed light on correlations that remained invisible until now. Beforehand, the dots that we had to connect in…
With the digitalization of society, the interest, the debates and the research efforts concerning "code", "law", "artificial intelligence", and their various relationships, have been widely increasing. Yet, most arguments primarily focus on…
The EU AI Act makes explainability urgent for high-risk AI systems, yet most XAI research focuses on technical metrics rather than regulatory compliance. Understanding how legal requirements reshape XAI method design is challenging: the AI…
Personal data has emerged as a highly valuable yet sensitive asset that drives business decisions, enables targeted advertising, and generates substantial revenue for companies, while simultaneously facilitating invasive monitoring of…
In the current fast-paced digital environment, enterprises are striving to offer a seamless and integrated customer experience across multiple touchpoints. This improved experience often leads to higher conversion rates and increased…
Our vision paper outlines a plan to improve the future of semantic interoperability in data spaces through the application of machine learning. The use of data spaces, where data is exchanged among members in a self-regulated environment,…
This paper offers a new privacy approach for the growing ecosystem of services -- ranging from open banking to healthcare -- dependent on sensitive personal data sharing between individuals and third parties. While these services offer…
The Digital Services Act, recently adopted by the EU, requires social media platforms to report the "accuracy" of their automated content moderation systems. The colloquial term is vague, or open-textured -- the literal accuracy (number of…
This paper leverages insights from Alignment Theory (AT) research, which primarily focuses on the potential pitfalls of technical alignment in Artificial Intelligence, to critically examine the European Union's Artificial Intelligence Act…
The implementation of the AI Act requires practical mechanisms to verify compliance with legal obligations, yet concrete and operational mappings from high-level requirements to verifiable assessment activities remain limited, contributing…
Advances in emerging technologies have accelerated digital transformation with the pervasive digitalization of the economy and society, driving innovations such as smart cities, industry 4.0 and FinTech. Unlike digitization, digitalization…
Under the current regulatory framework for data protections, the protection of human rights writ large and the corresponding outcomes are regulated largely independently from the data and tools that both threaten those rights and are needed…
This paper determines whether the two core data protection principles of data minimisation and purpose limitation can be meaningfully implemented in data-driven systems. While contemporary data processing practices appear to stand at odds…
Blockchain technology, introduced in 2008, has revolutionized data storage and transfer across sectors such as finance, healthcare, intelligent transportation, and the metaverse. However, the proliferation of blockchain systems has led to…