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Decisions made by convolutional neural networks(CNN) can be understood and explained by visualizing discriminative regions on images. To this end, Class Activation Map (CAM) based methods were proposed as powerful interpretation tools,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-12 Yi Liao , Yongsheng Gao , Weichuan Zhang

As deep neural networks are increasingly used in solving high-stake problems, there is a pressing need to understand their internal decision mechanisms. Visualization has helped address this problem by assisting with interpreting complex…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-04 Haekyu Park , Fred Hohman , Duen Horng Chau

Deep learning architectures are showing great promise in various computer vision domains including image classification, object detection, event detection and action recognition. In this study, we investigate various aspects of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-08-08 Hilal Ergun , Mustafa Sert

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are powerful black-box predictors that have achieved impressive performance on a wide variety of tasks. However, their accuracy comes at the cost of intelligibility: it is usually unclear how they make their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Rishabh Agarwal , Levi Melnick , Nicholas Frosst , Xuezhou Zhang , Ben Lengerich , Rich Caruana , Geoffrey Hinton

Modern neuroimaging techniques, such as diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), enable us to model the human brain as a brain network or connectome. Capturing brain networks' structural information…

Convolutional neural networks (CNN) have become a powerful tool for detecting patterns in image data. Recent papers report promising results in the domain of disease detection using brain MRI data. Despite the high accuracy obtained from…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-19 Arjun Haridas Pallath , Martin Dyrba

Deep learning models have shown their superior performance in various vision tasks. However, the lack of precisely interpreting kernels in convolutional neural networks (CNNs) is becoming one main obstacle to wide applications of deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-26 Jia-Xin Zhuang , Wanying Tao , Jianfei Xing , Wei Shi , Ruixuan Wang , Wei-shi Zheng

A precise understanding of why units in an artificial network respond to certain stimuli would constitute a big step towards explainable artificial intelligence. One widely used approach towards this goal is to visualize unit responses via…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-15 Roland S. Zimmermann , Judy Borowski , Robert Geirhos , Matthias Bethge , Thomas S. A. Wallis , Wieland Brendel

Deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are becoming increasingly popular models to predict neural responses in visual cortex. However, contextual effects, which are prevalent in neural processing and in perception, are not explicitly…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2018-12-27 Luis Gonzalo Sanchez Giraldo , Odelia Schwartz

Complex-valued neural networks (CVNNs) are an emerging field of research in neural networks due to their potential representational properties for audio, image, and physiological signals. It is common in signal processing to transform…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-11-20 Andy M. Sarroff , Victor Shepardson , Michael A. Casey

The current understanding of deep neural networks can only partially explain how input structure, network parameters and optimization algorithms jointly contribute to achieve the strong generalization power that is typically observed in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-28 Francesco Craighero , Fabrizio Angaroni , Alex Graudenzi , Fabio Stella , Marco Antoniotti

We propose a method for integration of features extracted using deep representations of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) each of which is learned using a different image dataset of objects and materials for material recognition. Given a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-04-22 Yan Zhang , Mete Ozay , Xing Liu , Takayuki Okatani

Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have been one of the most influential recent developments in computer vision, particularly for categorization. There is an increasing demand for explainable AI as these systems are deployed in the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-11-21 Tian Xu , Jiayu Zhan , Oliver G. B. Garrod , Philip H. S. Torr , Song-Chun Zhu , Robin A. A. Ince , Philippe G. Schyns

We present a method for visualising the response of a deep neural network to a specific input. For image data for instance our method will highlight areas that provide evidence in favor of, and against choosing a certain class. The method…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-06-13 Luisa M. Zintgraf , Taco S. Cohen , Max Welling

While deep neural networks take loose inspiration from neuroscience, it is an open question how seriously to take the analogies between artificial deep networks and biological neuronal systems. Interestingly, recent work has shown that deep…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2018-05-31 William Lotter , Gabriel Kreiman , David Cox

Deep neural networks (DNNs) with high expressiveness have achieved state-of-the-art performance in many tasks. However, their distributed feature representations are difficult to interpret semantically. In this work, human-interpretable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-22 Jindong Gu , Volker Tresp

Deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) have become the state-of-the-art computational models of biological object recognition. Their remarkable success has helped vision science break new ground and recent efforts have started to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Leonard E. van Dyck , Walter R. Gruber

Deep neural networks have demonstrated remarkable performance across various domains, yet their decision-making processes remain opaque. Although many explanation methods are dedicated to bringing the obscurity of DNNs to light, they…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Kanglong Fan , Yunqiao Yang , Chen Ma

This paper explores the bottleneck of feature representations of deep neural networks (DNNs), from the perspective of the complexity of interactions between input variables encoded in DNNs. To this end, we focus on the multi-order…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Huiqi Deng , Qihan Ren , Hao Zhang , Quanshi Zhang

Providing textual concept-based explanations for neurons in deep neural networks (DNNs) is of importance in understanding how a DNN model works. Prior works have associated concepts with neurons based on examples of concepts or a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Nhat Hoang-Xuan , Minh Vu , My T. Thai