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Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as transformative tools for natural language understanding and user intent resolution, enabling tasks such as translation, summarization, and, increasingly, the orchestration of complex workflows.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Justus Flerlage , Alexander Acker , Odej Kao

In high-stakes domains, small task-specific vision models are crucial due to their low computational requirements and the availability of numerous methods to explain their results. However, these explanations often reveal that the models do…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Alexander Koebler , Lukas Kuhn , Ingo Thon , Florian Buettner

Current vision-language models (VLMs) show exceptional abilities across diverse tasks, such as visual question answering. To enhance user experience, recent studies have investigated VLM personalization to understand user-provided concepts.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Ruichuan An , Sihan Yang , Renrui Zhang , Ming Lu , Tianyi Jiang , Kai Zeng , Yulin Luo , Jiajun Cao , Hao Liang , Ying Chen , Qi She , Shanghang Zhang , Wentao Zhang

Current Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in general reasoning yet struggle with specialized tasks requiring proprietary or domain-specific knowledge. Fine-tuning large models for every niche application is often infeasible due to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Yizhu Jiao , Xuchao Zhang , Zhaoyang Wang , Yubo Ma , Zhun Deng , Rujia Wang , Chetan Bansal , Saravan Rajmohan , Jiawei Han , Huaxiu Yao

Traffic Signal Control (TSC) plays a critical role in urban traffic management by optimizing traffic flow and mitigating congestion. While Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently emerged as promising tools for TSC due to their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Zirui Yuan , Siqi Lai , Hao Liu

Large language models (LLMs) are highly capable but face latency challenges in real-time applications, such as conducting online hallucination detection. To overcome this issue, we propose a novel framework that leverages a small language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Mengya Hu , Rui Xu , Deren Lei , Yaxi Li , Mingyu Wang , Emily Ching , Eslam Kamal , Alex Deng

Current vision-language models (VLMs) show exceptional abilities across diverse tasks, such as visual question answering. To enhance user experience, recent studies investigate VLM personalization to understand user-provided concepts.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Ruichuan An , Sihan Yang , Ming Lu , Renrui Zhang , Kai Zeng , Yulin Luo , Jiajun Cao , Hao Liang , Ying Chen , Qi She , Shanghang Zhang , Wentao Zhang

Although Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable code-generation ability, they still struggle with complex tasks. In real-world software development, humans usually tackle complex tasks through collaborative teamwork, a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Yihong Dong , Xue Jiang , Zhi Jin , Ge Li

The advent of large language models marks a revolutionary breakthrough in artificial intelligence. With the unprecedented scale of training and model parameters, the capability of large language models has been dramatically improved,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Jin Chen , Zheng Liu , Xu Huang , Chenwang Wu , Qi Liu , Gangwei Jiang , Yuanhao Pu , Yuxuan Lei , Xiaolong Chen , Xingmei Wang , Defu Lian , Enhong Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in handling general knowledge tasks, yet they struggle with user-specific personalization, such as understanding individual emotions, writing styles, and preferences. Personalized Large Language Models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Jiahong Liu , Zexuan Qiu , Zhongyang Li , Quanyu Dai , Wenhao Yu , Jieming Zhu , Minda Hu , Menglin Yang , Tat-Seng Chua , Irwin King

Continual learning (CL) in large language models (LLMs) is an evolving domain that focuses on developing efficient and sustainable training strategies to adapt models to emerging knowledge and achieve robustness in dynamic environments. Our…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Çağatay Yıldız , Nishaanth Kanna Ravichandran , Nitin Sharma , Matthias Bethge , Beyza Ermis

The rapid integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into various industries presents both revolutionary opportunities and unique challenges. This research aims to establish a scalable and efficient framework for LLM customization,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-22 Panos Fitsilis , Vyron Damasiotis , Vasileios Kyriatzis , Paraskevi Tsoutsa

The rise of large language models (LLMs) has opened new opportunities in Recommender Systems (RSs) by enhancing user behavior modeling and content understanding. However, current approaches that integrate LLMs into RSs solely utilize either…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Yunjia Xi , Weiwen Liu , Jianghao Lin , Chuhan Wu , Bo Chen , Ruiming Tang , Weinan Zhang , Yong Yu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities, yet their transition to real-world applications reveals a critical limitation: the inability to adapt to individual preferences while maintaining alignment with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Jian Guan , Junfei Wu , Jia-Nan Li , Chuanqi Cheng , Wei Wu

Visual reasoning is dominated by end-to-end neural networks scaled to billions of model parameters and training examples. However, even the largest models struggle with compositional reasoning, generalization, fine-grained spatial and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Aleksandar Stanić , Sergi Caelles , Michael Tschannen

Large Language Models (LLMs) for complex reasoning is often hindered by high computational costs and latency, while resource-efficient Small Language Models (SLMs) typically lack the necessary reasoning capacity. Existing collaborative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Chengsong Huang , Tong Zheng , Langlin Huang , Jinyuan Li , Haolin Liu , Jiaxin Huang

Large language models (LLMs) achieve remarkable advancements by leveraging tools to interact with environments, a critical step toward generalized AI. However, the standard supervised fine-tuning (SFT) approach, which relies on large-scale…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Junjie Ye , Yilong Wu , Sixian Li , Yuming Yang , Zhiheng Xi , Tao Gui , Qi Zhang , Xuanjing Huang , Peng Wang , Zhongchao Shi , Jianping Fan , Zhengyin Du

Large Language Models are typically trained with next-turn rewards, limiting their ability to optimize for long-term interaction. As a result, they often respond passively to ambiguous or open-ended user requests, failing to help users…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Shirley Wu , Michel Galley , Baolin Peng , Hao Cheng , Gavin Li , Yao Dou , Weixin Cai , James Zou , Jure Leskovec , Jianfeng Gao

Recent research looks to harness the general knowledge and reasoning of large language models (LLMs) into agents that accomplish user-specified goals in interactive environments. Vision-language models (VLMs) extend LLMs to multi-modal data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Jake Grigsby , Yuke Zhu , Michael Ryoo , Juan Carlos Niebles