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Training effective Text-to-SQL models remains challenging due to the scarcity of high-quality, diverse, and structurally complex datasets. Existing methods either rely on limited human-annotated corpora, or synthesize datasets directly by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Xuanguang Pan , Chongyang Tao , Jiayuan Bai , Jianling Gao , Zhengwei Tao , Xiansheng Zhou , Gavin Cheung , Shuai Ma

The task of context-dependent text-to-SQL aims to convert multi-turn user utterances to formal SQL queries. This is a challenging task due to both the scarcity of training data from which to learn complex contextual dependencies and to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-24 Qi Liu , Zihuiwen Ye , Tao Yu , Phil Blunsom , Linfeng Song

Text-to-SQL is a task to generate SQL queries from human utterances. However, due to the variation of natural language, two semantically equivalent utterances may appear differently in the lexical level. Likewise, user preferences (e.g.,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-22 Pingchuan Ma , Shuai Wang

Converting natural language (NL) questions into SQL queries, referred to as Text-to-SQL, has emerged as a pivotal technology for facilitating access to relational databases, especially for users without SQL knowledge. Recent progress in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Yiming Huang , Jiyu Guo , Wenxin Mao , Cuiyun Gao , Peiyi Han , Chuanyi Liu , Qing Ling

Large language models have demonstrated excellent performance in many tasks, including Text-to-SQL, due to their powerful in-context learning capabilities. They are becoming the mainstream approach for Text-to-SQL. However, these methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Yonghui Kong , Hongbing Hu , Dan Zhang , Siyuan Chai , Fan Zhang , Wei Wang

Text-to-SQL parsing tackles the problem of mapping natural language questions to executable SQL queries. In practice, text-to-SQL parsers often encounter various challenging scenarios, requiring them to be generalizable and robust. While…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Chang Gao , Bowen Li , Wenxuan Zhang , Wai Lam , Binhua Li , Fei Huang , Luo Si , Yongbin Li

With the future striving toward data-centric decision-making, seamless access to databases is of utmost importance. There is extensive research on creating an efficient text-to-sql (TEXT2SQL) model to access data from the database. Using a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-10 Ayush Kumar , Parth Nagarkar , Prabhav Nalhe , Sanjeev Vijayakumar

Schema linking -- the process of aligning natural language questions with database schema elements -- is a critical yet underexplored component of Text-to-SQL systems. While recent methods have focused primarily on improving SQL generation,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Md Mahadi Hasan Nahid , Davood Rafiei , Weiwei Zhang , Yong Zhang

Recently, there has been significant progress in studying neural networks for translating text descriptions into SQL queries under the zero-shot cross-domain setting. Despite achieving good performance on some public benchmarks, we observe…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Yujian Gan , Xinyun Chen , Matthew Purver

Generative language models have shown significant potential in single-turn Text-to-SQL. However, their performance does not extend equivalently to multi-turn Text-to-SQL. This is primarily due to generative language models' inadequacy in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Bingfeng Chen , Shaobin Shi , Yongqi Luo , Boyan Xu , Ruichu Cai , Zhifeng Hao

One of the recent best attempts at Text-to-SQL is the pre-trained language model. Due to the structural property of the SQL queries, the seq2seq model takes the responsibility of parsing both the schema items (i.e., tables and columns) and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Haoyang Li , Jing Zhang , Cuiping Li , Hong Chen

Text-to-SQL prompt strategies based on Large Language Models (LLMs) achieve remarkable performance on well-known benchmarks. However, when applied to real-world databases, their performance is significantly less than for these benchmarks,…

Data analysts use SQL queries to access and manipulate data on their databases. However, these queries are often challenging to write, and small mistakes can lead to unexpected data output. Recent work has explored several ways to…

A practical text-to-SQL system should generalize well on a wide variety of natural language questions, unseen database schemas, and novel SQL query structures. To comprehensively evaluate text-to-SQL systems, we introduce a UNIfied…

Recent text-to-SQL models have achieved strong performance, but their effectiveness remains largely confined to SQLite due to dataset limitations. However, real-world applications require SQL generation across multiple dialects with varying…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Jipeng Zhang , Haolin Yang , Kehao Miao , Ruiyuan Zhang , Renjie Pi , Jiahui Gao , Xiaofang Zhou

Text-to-SQL is a task that converts a natural language question into a structured query language (SQL) to retrieve information from a database. Large language models (LLMs) work well in natural language generation tasks, but they are not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-04 Chunxi Guo , Zhiliang Tian , Jintao Tang , Pancheng Wang , Zhihua Wen , Kang Yang , Ting Wang

The performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) for translating Natural Language (NL) queries into SQL varies significantly across databases (DBs). NL queries are often expressed using a domain specific vocabulary, and mapping these to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Manasi Patwardhan , Ayush Agarwal , Shabbirhussain Bhaisaheb , Aseem Arora , Lovekesh Vig , Sunita Sarawagi

The advancements of Large language models (LLMs) have provided great opportunities to text-to-SQL tasks to overcome the main challenges to understand complex domain information and complex database structures in business applications. In…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Wenda Zhang

Text-to-SQL systems have become crucial for translating natural language into SQL queries in various industries, enabling non-technical users to perform complex data operations. The need for accurate evaluation methods has increased as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Heegyu Kim , Taeyang Jeon , Seunghwan Choi , Seungtaek Choi , Hyunsouk Cho

Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have been demonstrated to possess impressive capabilities in a variety of domains and tasks. We investigate the issue of prompt design in the multi-turn text-to-SQL task and attempt to enhance the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Hanchong Zhang , Ruisheng Cao , Hongshen Xu , Lu Chen , Kai Yu
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