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This paper explores multi-agent systems and identify challenges that remain inadequately addressed. By leveraging the diverse capabilities and roles of individual agents, multi-agent systems can tackle complex tasks through agent…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Shanshan Han , Qifan Zhang , Weizhao Jin , Zhaozhuo Xu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities, leading to a significant increase in user demand for LLM services. However, cloud-based LLM services often suffer from high latency, unstable responsiveness, and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Jin Yang , Qiong Wu , Zhiying Feng , Zhi Zhou , Deke Guo , Xu Chen

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) with microscopic traffic simulation offers a promising path toward autonomous urban planning and intelligent transportation analysis. However, existing monolithic agent architectures often…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Shuyang Li , Ruimin Ke

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have substantially accelerated the development of embodied agents. LLM-based multi-agent systems mitigate the inefficiency of single agents in complex tasks. However, they still suffer from…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2026-02-02 XiaoJie Zhang , JianHan Wu , Xiaoyang Qu , Jianzong Wang

Multi-agent collaboration systems (MACS), powered by large language models (LLMs), solve complex problems efficiently by leveraging each agent's specialization and communication between agents. However, the inherent exchange of information…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Jian Cui , Zichuan Li , Luyi Xing , Xiaojing Liao

We consider ML query processing in distributed systems where GPU-enabled workers coordinate to execute complex queries: a computing style often seen in applications that interact with users in support of image processing and natural…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Yuting Yang , Andrea Merlina , Weijia Song , Tiancheng Yuan , Ken Birman , Roman Vitenberg

Recent advances in agentic large language models (LLMs) have substantially improved Text-to-SQL, enabling users without database expertise to query databases intuitively. However, deploying agentic LLM-based Text-to-SQL systems in…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-03-10 You Peng , Youhe Jiang , Wenqi Jiang , Chen Wang , Binhang Yuan

Large language models(LLMs) are now used to power complex multi-turn agentic workflows. Existing systems run agentic inference by loosely assembling isolated components: an LLM inference engine (e.g., vLLM) and a tool orchestrator (e.g.,…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Hao Kang , Ziyang Li , Xinyu Yang , Weili Xu , Yinfang Chen , Junxiong Wang , Beidi Chen , Tushar Krishna , Chenfeng Xu , Simran Arora

Recent surges in LLM-driven intelligent systems largely overlook decades of foundational multi-agent systems (MAS) research, resulting in frameworks with critical limitations such as centralization and inadequate trust and communication…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Michael J. Wooldridge , Attila Bagoly , Jonathan J. Ward , Emanuele La Malfa , Gabriel Paludo Licks

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG), which combines large language models (LLMs) with retrievals from external knowledge databases, is emerging as a popular approach for reliable LLM serving. However, efficient RAG serving remains an open…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Wenqi Jiang , Suvinay Subramanian , Cat Graves , Gustavo Alonso , Amir Yazdanbakhsh , Vidushi Dadu

Large language models (LLMs) and LLM-based agents are increasingly deployed as assistants in planning and decision making, yet most existing systems are implicitly optimized for a single-principal interaction paradigm, in which the model is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Shu Yang , Shenzhe Zhu , Hao Zhu , José Ramón Enríquez , Di Wang , Alex Pentland , Michiel A. Bakker , Jiaxin Pei

Complex scheduling problems require a large amount computation power and innovative solution methods. The objective of this paper is the conception and implementation of a multi-agent system that is applicable in various problem domains.…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2020-04-21 Peter Hillmann , Tobias Uhlig , Gabi Dreo Rodosek , Oliver Rose

Large Language Models (LLMs), such as OpenAI-o1 and DeepSeek-R1, have demonstrated strong reasoning capabilities. To further enhance LLM capabilities, recent agentic systems, such as Deep Research, incorporate web interactions into LLM…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Song Bian , Minghao Yan , Anand Jayarajan , Gennady Pekhimenko , Shivaram Venkataraman

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable advancements in reasoning and tool use, they often fail to generate optimal, grounded solutions under complex constraints. Real-world travel planning exemplifies these challenges,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Jihye Choi , Jinsung Yoon , Jiefeng Chen , Somesh Jha , Tomas Pfister

A large amount of work has been done in Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) for modeling and solving problems with multiple interacting agents. However, most LLMs are pretrained independently and not specifically optimized for coordination. Existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Shuo Liu , Tianle Chen , Zeyu Liang , Xueguang Lyu , Christopher Amato

This paper introduces CoMuRoS (Collaborative Multi-Robot System), a generalizable hierarchical architecture for heterogeneous robot teams that unifies centralized deliberation with decentralized execution, and supports event-driven…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Suraj Borate , Bhavish Rai B , Vipul Pardeshi , Madhu Vadali

Test-time scaling (TTS) enhances the performance of large language models (LLMs) by allocating additional compute resources during inference. However, existing research primarily investigates TTS in single-stage tasks; while many real-world…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Fali Wang , Hui Liu , Zhenwei Dai , Jingying Zeng , Zhiwei Zhang , Zongyu Wu , Chen Luo , Zhen Li , Xianfeng Tang , Qi He , Suhang Wang

The rise of LLMs such as ChatGPT and Claude fuels the need for AI agents capable of real-time task handling. However, migrating data-intensive, multi-modal edge workloads to cloud data centers, traditionally used for agent deployment,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Xingdan Wang , Jiayi He , Zhiqing Tang , Jianxiong Guo , Jiong Lou , Liping Qian , Tian Wang , Weijia Jia

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in both latency-sensitive online services and cost-sensitive offline workloads. Co-locating these workloads on shared serving instances can improve resource utilization, but directly…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Siyu Wu , Zihan Tang , Yuting Zeng , Hui Chen , Guiguang Ding , Tongxuan Liu , Ke Zhang , Hailong Yang

Multi-agent systems can be extremely efficient when solving a team-wide task in a concurrent manner. However, without proper synchronization, the correctness of the combined behavior is hard to guarantee, such as to follow a specific…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Zesen Liu , Meng Guo , Zhongkui Li