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The proliferation of Large Language Models (LLMs) has introduced critical security challenges, where adversarial actors can manipulate input prompts to cause significant harm and circumvent safety alignments. These prompt-based attacks…

Prompt trading has emerged as a significant intellectual property concern in recent years, where vendors entice users by showcasing sample images before selling prompt templates that can generate similar images. This work investigates a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Yurong Wu , Fangwen Mu , Qiuhong Zhang , Jinjing Zhao , Xinrun Xu , Lingrui Mei , Yang Wu , Lin Shi , Junjie Wang , Zhiming Ding , Yiwei Wang

Prompt engineering is an effective but labor-intensive way to control text-to-image (T2I) generative models. Its time-intensive nature and complexity have spurred the development of algorithms for automated prompt generation. However, these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Yutong He , Alexander Robey , Naoki Murata , Yiding Jiang , Joshua Nathaniel Williams , George J. Pappas , Hamed Hassani , Yuki Mitsufuji , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , J. Zico Kolter

Text-to-image models have shown remarkable progress in generating high-quality images from user-provided prompts. Despite this, the quality of these images varies due to the models' sensitivity to human language nuances. With advancements…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Xinrui Yang , Zhuohan Wang , Anthony Hu

Despite impressive recent advances in text-to-image diffusion models, obtaining high-quality images often requires prompt engineering by humans who have developed expertise in using them. In this work, we present NeuroPrompts, an adaptive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Shachar Rosenman , Vasudev Lal , Phillip Howard

TIPO (Text-to-Image Prompt Optimization) introduces an efficient approach for automatic prompt refinement in text-to-image (T2I) generation. Starting from simple user prompts, TIPO leverages a lightweight pre-trained model to expand these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Shih-Ying Yeh , Yi Li , Sang-Hyun Park , Giyeong Oh , Xuehai Wang , Min Song , Youngjae Yu , Shang-Hong Lai

Text-to-image generation models can create high-quality images from input prompts. However, they struggle to support the consistent generation of identity-preserving requirements for storytelling. Existing approaches to this problem…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Tao Liu , Kai Wang , Senmao Li , Joost van de Weijer , Fahad Shahbaz Khan , Shiqi Yang , Yaxing Wang , Jian Yang , Ming-Ming Cheng

Prompt engineering is still the primary way for users of generative text-to-image models to manipulate generated images in a targeted way. Based on treating the model as a continuous function and by passing gradients between the image space…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Niklas Deckers , Julia Peters , Martin Potthast

State-of-the-art text-to-image diffusion models can produce impressive visuals but may memorize and reproduce training images, creating copyright and privacy risks. Existing prompt perturbations applied at inference time, such as random…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Yunzhuo Chen , Jordan Vice , Naveed Akhtar , Nur Al Hasan Haldar , Ajmal Mian

Generative text-to-image models have gained great popularity among the public for their powerful capability to generate high-quality images based on natural language prompts. However, developing effective prompts for desired images can be…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Yingchaojie Feng , Xingbo Wang , Kam Kwai Wong , Sijia Wang , Yuhong Lu , Minfeng Zhu , Baicheng Wang , Wei Chen

The wide-ranging applications of large language models (LLMs), especially in safety-critical domains, necessitate the proper evaluation of the LLM's adversarial robustness. This paper proposes an efficient tool to audit the LLM's…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Xilie Xu , Keyi Kong , Ning Liu , Lizhen Cui , Di Wang , Jingfeng Zhang , Mohan Kankanhalli

Flow matching models (FMs) have revolutionized text-to-image (T2I) generation, with reinforcement learning (RL) serving as a critical post-training strategy for alignment with reward objectives. In this research, we show that current RL…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Fu-Yun Wang , Han Zhang , Michael Gharbi , Hongsheng Li , Taesung Park

In the evolving domain of text-to-image generation, diffusion models have emerged as powerful tools in content creation. Despite their remarkable capability, existing models still face challenges in achieving controlled generation with a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Jaeseok Jeong , Junho Kim , Yunjey Choi , Gayoung Lee , Youngjung Uh

Text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models have become prominent tools for generating high-fidelity images from text prompts. However, when trained on unfiltered internet data, these models can produce unsafe, incorrect, or stylistically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-11 Rohit Jena , Ali Taghibakhshi , Sahil Jain , Gerald Shen , Nima Tajbakhsh , Arash Vahdat

The advancements in the domain of LLMs in recent years have surprised many, showcasing their remarkable capabilities and diverse applications. Their potential applications in various real-world scenarios have led to significant research on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Sujith Vemishetty , Advitiya Arora , Anupama Sharma

Text-to-image diffusion models are nothing but a revolution, allowing anyone, even without design skills, to create realistic images from simple text inputs. With powerful personalization tools like DreamBooth, they can generate images of a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Thanh Van Le , Hao Phung , Thuan Hoang Nguyen , Quan Dao , Ngoc Tran , Anh Tran

Text-to-Image (T2I) models have made remarkable progress in generating images from text prompts, but their output quality and safety still depend heavily on how prompts are phrased. Existing safety methods typically refine prompts using…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Jinwoo Jeon , JunHyeok Oh , Hayeong Lee , Byung-Jun Lee

Backdoor attacks pose a critical threat by embedding hidden triggers into inputs, causing models to misclassify them into target labels. While extensive research has focused on mitigating these attacks in object recognition models through…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Kyle Stein , Andrew Arash Mahyari , Guillermo Francia , Eman El-Sheikh

Text-to-image generative models have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in generating high-quality images based on textual prompts. However, crafting prompts that accurately capture the user's creative intent remains challenging. It often…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-04-20 Stephen Brade , Bryan Wang , Mauricio Sousa , Sageev Oore , Tovi Grossman

Text-to-image diffusion models have achieved remarkable success in generating high-quality contents from text prompts. However, their reliance on publicly available data and the growing trend of data sharing for fine-tuning make these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Sangwon Jang , June Suk Choi , Jaehyeong Jo , Kimin Lee , Sung Ju Hwang