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We introduce a dynamic benchmarking system for conversational agents that evaluates their performance through a single, simulated, and lengthy user$\leftrightarrow$agent interaction. The interaction is a conversation between the user and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-14 David Castillo-Bolado , Joseph Davidson , Finlay Gray , Marek Rosa

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate strong potential as agents for tool invocation due to their advanced comprehension and planning capabilities. Users increasingly rely on LLM-based agents to solve complex missions through iterative…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Peijie Yu , Yifan Yang , Jinjian Li , Zelong Zhang , Haorui Wang , Xiao Feng , Feng Zhang

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have scaled the potential for reasoning and agentic search, wherein models autonomously plan, retrieve, and reason over external knowledge to answer complex queries. However, the iterative…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Sheng Zhang , Junyi Li , Yingyi Zhang , Pengyue Jia , Yichao Wang , Xiaowei Qian , Wenlin Zhang , Maolin Wang , Yong Liu , Xiangyu Zhao

Despite the recent advancement in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL), the MARL agents easily overfit the training environment and perform poorly in the evaluation scenarios where other agents behave differently. Obtaining…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Wei Qiu , Xiao Ma , Bo An , Svetlana Obraztsova , Shuicheng Yan , Zhongwen Xu

Large language models (LLMs) are largely static and often redo reasoning or repeat mistakes. Prior experience reuse typically relies on external retrieval, which is similarity-based, can introduce noise, and adds latency. We introduce SEAM…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Xuancheng Li , Haitao Li , Yujia Zhou , Yiqun Liu , Qingyao Ai

Recent advances in persona-centric memory have revealed the powerful capability of multi-agent systems in managing persona memory, especially in conversational scenarios. However, these complex frameworks often suffer from information loss…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Qi Zhang , Shen Huang , Chu Liu , Shouqing Yang , Junbo Zhao , Haobo Wang , Pengjun Xie

In the current field of agent memory, extensive explorations have been conducted in the area of memory retrieval, yet few studies have focused on exploring the memory content. Most research simply stores summarized versions of historical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Gaoke Zhang , Bo Wang , Yunlong Ma , Dongming Zhao , Zifei Yu

Large Language Model (LLM) agents, acting on their users' behalf to manipulate and analyze data, are likely to become the dominant workload for data systems in the future. When working with data, agents employ a high-throughput process of…

Web agents powered by Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable abilities in planning and executing multi-step interactions within complex web-based environments, fulfilling a wide range of web navigation tasks. Despite…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Yang Deng , Xuan Zhang , Wenxuan Zhang , Yifei Yuan , See-Kiong Ng , Tat-Seng Chua

LLM agents operating under organizational policies must comply with authorization constraints typically specified in natural language. In practice, such specifications inevitably contain ambiguities and logical or semantic gaps that cause…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Jihye Choi , Jinsung Yoon , Long T. Le , Somesh Jha , Tomas Pfister

An ideal embodied agent should possess lifelong learning capabilities to handle long-horizon and complex tasks, enabling continuous operation in general environments. This not only requires the agent to accurately accomplish given tasks but…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Sen Wang , Bangwei Liu , Zhenkun Gao , Lizhuang Ma , Xuhong Wang , Yuan Xie , Xin Tan

Persistent memory is turning language-model-based agents from stateless participants in isolated interactions into state-bearing components of LLM-based multi-agent systems. As memory becomes durable, reloadable, and behavior-shaping across…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Diego F. Cuadros , Abdoul-Aziz Maiga , Helen Meskhidze , Andre Curtis-Trudel

Large Language Models (LLMs) and Reinforcement Learning (RL) are two powerful approaches for building autonomous agents. However, due to limited understanding of the game environment, agents often resort to inefficient exploration and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Ziyu Chen , Zhiqing Xiao , Xinbei Jiang , Junbo Zhao

Agentic memory enables LLMs to persist information beyond a single context window and reuse it in later decisions, but it also introduces a new vulnerability: spurious correlations, where retrieved memory carries miscorrelated evidence and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Luoxi Tang , Rupali Rajendra Vaje , Yuqiao Meng , Sakshi Sunil Narkar , Weicheng Ma , Zeyu Ding , Dazheng Zhang , Zhaohan Xi

LLM-powered agents face a persistent challenge: learning from their execution experiences to improve future performance. While agents can successfully complete many tasks, they often repeat inefficient patterns, fail to recover from similar…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Gaodan Fang , Vatche Isahagian , K. R. Jayaram , Ritesh Kumar , Vinod Muthusamy , Punleuk Oum , Gegi Thomas

The emergence of large language model (LLM)-based agents has significantly advanced the development of autonomous machine learning (ML) engineering. However, the dominant prompt-based paradigm exhibits limitations: smaller models lack the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Zexi Liu , Jingyi Chai , Xinyu Zhu , Shuo Tang , Rui Ye , Bo Zhang , Lei Bai , Siheng Chen

Memory is critical for LLM-based agents to preserve past observations for future decision-making, where factual memory serves as its foundational part. However, existing approaches to constructing factual memory face several limitations.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Zeyu Zhang , Rui Li , Xiaoyan Zhao , Yang Zhang , Wenjie Wang , Xu Chen , Tat-Seng Chua

Pre-trained and frozen large language models (LLMs) can effectively map simple scene rearrangement instructions to programs over a robot's visuomotor functions through appropriate few-shot example prompting. To parse open-domain natural…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Gabriel Sarch , Yue Wu , Michael J. Tarr , Katerina Fragkiadaki

The popularity of Large Language Models (LLMs) have unleashed a new age ofLanguage Agents for solving a diverse range of tasks. While contemporary frontier LLMs are capable enough to power reasonably good Language agents, the closed-API…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Priyanshu Gupta , Shashank Kirtania , Ananya Singha , Sumit Gulwani , Arjun Radhakrishna , Sherry Shi , Gustavo Soares

Long-term memory enables large language model agents to tackle complex tasks through historical interactions. However, existing frameworks encounter a fundamental dilemma between compressing redundant information efficiently and maintaining…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Zhenyuan Zhang , Xianzhang Jia , Zhiqin Yang , Zhenbo Song , Wei Xue , Sirui Han , Yike Guo