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Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly being used to augment and automate cyber operations, altering the scale, speed, and accessibility of malicious activity. These shifts raise urgent questions about when AI systems introduce…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Krystal Jackson , Deepika Raman , Jessica Newman , Nada Madkour , Charlotte Yuan , Evan R. Murphy

Safety frameworks represent a significant development in AI governance: they are the first type of publicly shared catastrophic risk management framework developed by major AI companies and focus specifically on AI scaling decisions. I…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Atoosa Kasirzadeh

Collaborative AI systems aim at working together with humans in a shared space to achieve a common goal. This setting imposes potentially hazardous circumstances due to contacts that could harm human beings. Thus, building such systems with…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-03-15 Matteo Camilli , Michael Felderer , Andrea Giusti , Dominik T. Matt , Anna Perini , Barbara Russo , Angelo Susi

To understand and identify the unprecedented risks posed by rapidly advancing artificial intelligence (AI) models, Frontier AI Risk Management Framework in Practice presents a comprehensive assessment of their frontier risks. As Large…

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is progressing rapidly, and companies are shifting their focus to developing generalist AI systems that can autonomously act and pursue goals. Increases in capabilities and autonomy may soon massively amplify…

As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes increasingly embedded in digital, social, and institutional infrastructures, and AI and platforms are merged into hybrid structures, systemic risk has emerged as a critical but undertheorized…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Philipp Hacker , Lilian Edwards , Atoosa Kasirzadeh

Frontier AI systems are being adopted across Africa, yet most AI safety evaluations are designed and validated in Western environments. In this paper, we argue that the portability gap can leave Africa-centric pathways to severe harm…

Artificial Intelligence's dual-use nature is revolutionizing the cybersecurity landscape, introducing new threats across four main categories: deepfakes and synthetic media, adversarial AI attacks, automated malware, and AI-powered social…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Sai Teja Erukude , Viswa Chaitanya Marella , Suhasnadh Reddy Veluru

Recent progress in artificial intelligence (AI) has drawn attention to the technology's transformative potential, including what some see as its prospects for causing large-scale harm. We review two influential arguments purporting to show…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Adam Bales , William D'Alessandro , Cameron Domenico Kirk-Giannini

We introduce a conceptual framework and provide considerations for the institutional design of AI incident reporting systems, i.e., processes for collecting information about safety- and rights-related events caused by general-purpose AI.…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Kevin Wei , Lennart Heim

Frontier AI models -- highly capable foundation models at the cutting edge of AI development -- may pose severe risks to public safety, human rights, economic stability, and societal value in the coming years. These risks could arise from…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Deepika Raman , Nada Madkour , Evan R. Murphy , Krystal Jackson , Jessica Newman

Frontier artificial intelligence (AI) systems could pose increasing risks to public safety and security. But what level of risk is acceptable? One increasingly popular approach is to define capability thresholds, which describe AI…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Leonie Koessler , Jonas Schuett , Markus Anderljung

Recent advancements in the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI) establish the basis to address challenging tasks. However, with the integration of AI, new risks arise. Therefore, to benefit from its advantages, it is essential to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Ronald Schnitzer , Andreas Hapfelmeier , Sven Gaube , Sonja Zillner

Artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping society, from video generation to medical diagnosis, coding agents to autonomous vehicles. Yet researchers, policymakers, and technology companies lack shared terminology for discussing AI risks.…

As AI models scale to billions of parameters and operate with increasing autonomy, ensuring their safe, reliable operation demands engineering-grade security and assurance frameworks. This paper presents an enterprise-level, risk-aware,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Krti Tallam

AI systems are often introduced with high expectations, yet many fail to deliver, resulting in unintended harm and missed opportunities for benefit. We frequently observe significant "AI Mismatches", where the system's actual performance…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Devansh Saxena , Ji-Youn Jung , Jodi Forlizzi , Kenneth Holstein , John Zimmerman

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems can provide many beneficial capabilities but also risks of adverse events. Some AI systems could present risks of events with very high or catastrophic consequences at societal scale. The US National…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-02-24 Anthony M. Barrett , Dan Hendrycks , Jessica Newman , Brandie Nonnecke

Although AI systems are increasingly being leveraged to provide value to organizations, individuals, and society, significant attendant risks have been identified and have manifested. These risks have led to proposed regulations,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-06 David Piorkowski , Michael Hind , John Richards

Rapid progress in machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI) has brought increasing attention to the potential impacts of AI technologies on society. In this paper we discuss one such potential impact: the problem of accidents in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-07-26 Dario Amodei , Chris Olah , Jacob Steinhardt , Paul Christiano , John Schulman , Dan Mané

Novel data sensing and AI technologies are finding practical use in the analysis of crisis resilience, revealing the need to consider how responsible artificial intelligence (AI) practices can mitigate harmful outcomes and protect…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2022-09-09 Cheng-Chun Lee , Tina Comes , Megan Finn , Ali Mostafavi