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Related papers: LLM Robustness Leaderboard v1 --Technical report

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Considerable research efforts have been devoted to ensuring that large language models (LLMs) align with human values and generate safe text. However, an excessive focus on sensitivity to certain topics can compromise the model's robustness…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Huachuan Qiu , Shuai Zhang , Anqi Li , Hongliang He , Zhenzhong Lan

Reinforcement learning (RL) trained language model agents with tool access are increasingly deployed in coding assistants, research tools, and autonomous systems. We introduce the Reward Hacking Benchmark (RHB), a suite of multi-step tasks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Kunvar Thaman

As large language models (LLMs) continue to advance in capability and influence, ensuring their security and preventing harmful outputs has become crucial. A promising approach to address these concerns involves training models to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Muxi Diao , Rumei Li , Shiyang Liu , Guogang Liao , Jingang Wang , Xunliang Cai , Weiran Xu

The rapid integration of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) into critical applications is increasingly hindered by persistent safety vulnerabilities. However, existing red-teaming benchmarks are often fragmented, limited to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Xin Wang , Yunhao Chen , Juncheng Li , Yixu Wang , Yang Yao , Tianle Gu , Jie Li , Yan Teng , Yingchun Wang , Xia Hu

Large language models (LLMs) remain vulnerable to sophisticated prompt engineering attacks that exploit contextual framing to bypass safety mechanisms, posing significant risks in cybersecurity applications. We introduce Jailbreak Mimicry,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Pavlos Ntais

As Large Language Models (LLMs) become increasingly integrated into real-world decision-making systems, understanding their behavioural vulnerabilities remains a critical challenge for AI safety and alignment. While existing evaluation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Lili Zhang , Haomiaomiao Wang , Long Cheng , Libao Deng , Tomas Ward

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have enabled transformative advancements across diverse applications but remain susceptible to safety threats, especially jailbreak attacks that induce harmful outputs. To systematically evaluate and…

Large language model (LLM) routing has emerged as a crucial strategy for balancing computational costs with performance by dynamically assigning queries to the most appropriate model based on query complexity. Despite recent advances…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Aly M. Kassem , Bernhard Schölkopf , Zhijing Jin

Process Reward Models (PRMs) are rapidly becoming the backbone of LLM reasoning pipelines, yet we demonstrate that state-of-the-art PRMs are systematically exploitable under adversarial optimization pressure. To address this, we introduce a…

The increasing deployment of Large Language Models (LLMs) in various applications necessitates a rigorous evaluation of their robustness against adversarial attacks. In this paper, we present a comprehensive study on the robustness of GPT…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Yiyi Tao , Yixian Shen , Hang Zhang , Yanxin Shen , Lun Wang , Chuanqi Shi , Shaoshuai Du

Search agents connect LLMs to the Internet, enabling them to access broader and more up-to-date information. However, this also introduces a new threat surface: unreliable search results can mislead agents into producing unsafe outputs.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Jianshuo Dong , Sheng Guo , Hao Wang , Xun Chen , Zhuotao Liu , Tianwei Zhang , Ke Xu , Minlie Huang , Han Qiu

Automated red-teaming has become a crucial approach for uncovering vulnerabilities in large language models (LLMs). However, most existing methods focus on isolated safety flaws, limiting their ability to adapt to dynamic defenses and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-06 Yanjiang Liu , Shuhen Zhou , Yaojie Lu , Huijia Zhu , Weiqiang Wang , Hongyu Lin , Ben He , Xianpei Han , Le Sun

As large language models (LLMs) become increasingly capable, security and safety evaluation are crucial. While current red teaming approaches have made strides in assessing LLM vulnerabilities, they often rely heavily on human input and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Andy Zhou , Kevin Wu , Francesco Pinto , Zhaorun Chen , Yi Zeng , Yu Yang , Shuang Yang , Sanmi Koyejo , James Zou , Bo Li

As large language models (LLMs) increasingly engage in complex social interactions, ensuring that their behaviors align with human ethical principles and intentions, known as value alignment, has become a critical scientific challenge.…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Yu Lei , Hao Liu , Chengxing Xie , Songjia Liu , Zhiyu Yin , Canyu Chen , Guohao Li , Philip Torr , Zhen Wu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities in natural language reasoning, yet their application to Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) remains limited. CTI analysis involves distilling large volumes of unstructured…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Md Tanvirul Alam , Dipkamal Bhusal , Salman Ahmad , Nidhi Rastogi , Peter Worth

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional capabilities across diverse tasks, driving the development and widespread adoption of LLM-as-a-Judge systems for automated evaluation, including red teaming and benchmarking.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Songze Li , Chuokun Xu , Jiaying Wang , Xueluan Gong , Chen Chen , Jirui Zhang , Jun Wang , Kwok-Yan Lam , Shouling Ji

Large language models (LLMs) have become integral to our professional workflows and daily lives. Nevertheless, these machine companions of ours have a critical flaw: the huge amount of data which endows them with vast and diverse knowledge,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Tinh Son Luong , Thanh-Thien Le , Linh Ngo Van , Thien Huu Nguyen

Current approaches to AI safety define red lines at the case level: specific prompts, specific outputs, specific harms. This paper argues that red lines can be set more fundamentally -- at the level of value, evidence, and source…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Seulki Lee

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities, enabling language agents to excel at single-turn tasks. However, their application to complex, multi-step, and long-horizon tasks remains challenging. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Jiazheng Li , Yawei Wang , David Yan , Yijun Tian , Zhichao Xu , Huan Song , Panpan Xu , Lin Lee Cheong

Enhancing the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) with efficiency and scalability remains a fundamental challenge in artificial intelligence research. This paper presents a rigorous experimental investigation into how…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Yunjie Ji , Sitong Zhao , Xiaoyu Tian , Haotian Wang , Shuaiting Chen , Yiping Peng , Han Zhao , Xiangang Li