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The growing aging population has significantly increased demand for efficient home health care (HHC) services. This study introduces a Vehicle Routing and Appointment Scheduling Problem (VRASP) to simultaneously optimize caregiver routes…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-05-28 Yi Zhang , Zhenzhen Zhang

In this paper, we study the Maximum-Profit Routing Problem with Variable Supply (MPRP-VS). This is a more general version of the Maximum-Profit Public Transportation Route Planning Problem, or simply Maximum-Profit Routing Problem (MPRP),…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Bogdan Armaselu

For many kinds of vehicle routing problems (VRPs), a popular heuristic approach involves constructing a Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) solution, referred to as a long tour, then partitioning segments of the solution into routes for…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Ethan Gibbons , Mario Ventresca , Beatrice M. Ombuki-Berman

We consider a multiple depot, multiple vehicle routing problem with fuel constraints. We are given a set of targets, a set of depots and a set of homogeneous vehicles, one for each depot. The depots are also allowed to act as refueling…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-08-26 Kaarthik Sundar , Saravanan Venkatachalam , Sivakumar Rathinam

Vehicle Routing Problems (VRP) are an extension of the Traveling Salesperson Problem and are a fundamental NP-hard challenge in combinatorial optimization. Solving VRP in real-time at large scale has become critical in numerous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Ido Greenberg , Piotr Sielski , Hugo Linsenmaier , Rajesh Gandham , Shie Mannor , Alex Fender , Gal Chechik , Eli Meirom

The Vehicle Routing Problem with Time-Windows (VRPTW) is an important problem in allocating resources on networks in time and space. We present in this paper a Deterministic Annealing (DA)-based approach to solving the VRPTW with its…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-04-14 Mayank Baranwal , Pratik M. Parekh , Lavanya Marla , Srinivasa M. Salapaka , Carolyn L. Beck

Cyber-physical systems (CPS) designed in simulators, often consisting of multiple interacting agents (e.g. in multi-agent formations), behave differently in the real-world. We want to verify these systems during runtime when they are…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-09 Yiqi Zhao , Emily Zhu , Bardh Hoxha , Georgios Fainekos , Jyotirmoy V. Deshmukh , Lars Lindemann

This work is inspired by the problem of planning sequences of operations, as welding, in car manufacturing stations where multiple industrial robots cooperate. The goal is to minimize the station cycle time, \emph{i.e.} the time it takes…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Domenico Spensieri , Johan S. Carlson , Fredrik Ekstedt , Robert Bohlin

This paper investigates the integration of machine learning forecasts of intervention durations into a stochastic variant of the Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows (CVRPTW). In particular, we exploit tree-based gradient…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-01-13 Matteo Garbelli

Designing high-performing heuristics for vehicle routing problems (VRPs) is a complex task that requires both intuition and deep domain knowledge. Large language model (LLM)-based code generation has recently shown promise across many…

Constraint Programming (CP) offers an intuitive, declarative framework for modeling Vehicle Routing Problems (VRP), yet classical CP models based on successor variables cannot always deal with optional visits or insertion based heuristics.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Augustin Delecluse , Pierre Schaus , Pascal Van Hentenryck

The rapid growth of e-commerce and the increasing demand for timely, cost-effective last-mile delivery have increased interest in collaborative logistics. This research introduces a novel collaborative synchronized multi-platform vehicle…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Sumbal Malik , Majid Khonji , Khaled Elbassioni , Jorge Dias

This paper deals with the Stochastic Capacitated Arc Routing Problem (SCARP), obtained by randomizing quantities on the arcs in the CARP. Optimization problems for the SCARP are characterized by decisions that are made without knowing their…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-11-24 Fleury Gérard , Lacomme Philippe , Christian Prins

We study the capacitated vehicle routing problem in graphic metrics (graphic CVRP). Our main contribution is a new lower bound on the cost of an optimal solution. For graphic metrics, this lower bound is tight and significantly stronger…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Tobias Mömke , Hang Zhou

This paper investigates the multi-compartment vehicle routing problem with multiple time windows (MCVRPMTW), an extension of the classical vehicle routing problem with time windows that considers vehicles equipped with multiple compartments…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-01-23 El Mehdi Er Raqabi , Kevin Dalmeijer , Pascal Van Hentenryck

This research proposes a hybrid Machine Learning and metaheuristic mechanism that is designed to solve Vehicle Routing Problems (VRPs). The main of our method is an edge solution selector model, which classifies solution edges to identify…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Bachtiar Herdianto , Romain Billot , Flavien Lucas , Marc Sevaux , Daniele Vigo

The Conflict-Free Electric Vehicle Routing Problem (CF-EVRP) is an extension of the Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP), a combinatorial optimization problem of designing routes for vehicles to visit customers such that a cost function, typically…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-15 Sabino Francesco Roselli , Per-Lage Götvall , Martin Fabian , Knut Åkesson

The dynamic vehicle routing problem with time windows (DVRPTW) is a generalization of the classical VRPTW to an online setting, where customer data arrives in batches and real-time routing solutions are required. In this paper we adapt the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Mohammed Ghannam , Ambros Gleixner

We study the classic Vehicle Routing Problem in the setting of stochastic optimization with recourse. StochVRP is a two-stage optimization problem, where demand is satisfied using two routes: fixed and recourse. The fixed route is computed…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2012-03-02 Inge Li Goertz , Viswanath Nagarajan , Rishi Saket

Existing neural heuristics often train a deep architecture from scratch for each specific vehicle routing problem (VRP), ignoring the transferable knowledge across different VRP variants. This paper proposes the cross-problem learning to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Zhuoyi Lin , Yaoxin Wu , Bangjian Zhou , Zhiguang Cao , Wen Song , Yingqian Zhang , Senthilnath Jayavelu