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The advance of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is continuously reshaping the future 6G wireless communications. Particularly, the development of Large Language Models (LLMs) offers a promising approach to effectively improve the performance…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Tianyue Zheng , Linglong Dai

Large language models (LLMs) are useful in many NLP tasks and become more capable with size, with the best open-source models having over 50 billion parameters. However, using these 50B+ models requires high-end hardware, making them…

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate impressive generalization abilities, yet adapting them effectively across multiple heterogeneous domains remains challenging due to inter-domain interference. To overcome this challenge, we propose a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Hua Ye , Siyuan Chen , Haoliang Zhang , Weihao Luo , Yanbin Li , Xuan Zhang

Building scalable and reusable multi-agent decision policies from offline datasets remains a challenge in offline multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL), as existing methods often rely on fixed observation formats and action spaces that…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Zhuohui Zhang , Bin Cheng , Bin He

Training large language models (LLMs) efficiently while preserving model quality poses significant challenges, particularly with subbyte precision supported by state-of-the-art GPUs. Current mixed-precision training approaches either apply…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Yunjie Pan , Yongyi Yang , Hanmei Yang , Scott Mahlke

Prompt engineering, as an efficient and effective way to leverage Large Language Models (LLM), has drawn a lot of attention from the research community. The existing research primarily emphasizes the importance of adapting prompts to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Yuyan Chen , Zhihao Wen , Ge Fan , Zhengyu Chen , Wei Wu , Dayiheng Liu , Zhixu Li , Bang Liu , Yanghua Xiao

Despite being pretrained on multilingual corpora, large language models (LLMs) exhibit suboptimal performance on low-resource languages. Recent approaches have leveraged multilingual encoders alongside LLMs by introducing trainable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Zhiwen Ruan , Yixia Li , He Zhu , Longyue Wang , Weihua Luo , Kaifu Zhang , Yun Chen , Guanhua Chen

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate strong reasoning abilities across mathematical, strategic, and linguistic tasks, yet little is known about how well they reason in dynamic, real-time, multi-agent scenarios, such as collaborative…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Shaurya Mallampati , Rashed Shelim , Walid Saad , Naren Ramakrishnan

Large Language Models (LLMs) changed the way we design and interact with software systems. Their ability to process and extract information from text has drastically improved productivity in a number of routine tasks. Developers that want…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Federico Errica , Giuseppe Siracusano , Davide Sanvito , Roberto Bifulco

Large language models (LLMs) demand substantial computational and memory resources, posing challenges for efficient deployment. Two complementary approaches have emerged to address these issues: token-adaptive layer execution, which reduces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Kanghyun Noh , Jinheon Choi , Yulhwa Kim

Deploying Large Language Models (LLMs) on edge devices faces severe computational and memory constraints, limiting real-time processing and on-device intelligence. Hybrid architectures combining Structured State Space Models (SSMs) with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Jason Kong , Nilesh Prasad Pandey , Flavio Ponzina , Tajana Rosing

In the past years, machine learning (ML) has become a popular approach to support self-adaptation. While ML techniques enable dealing with several problems in self-adaptation, such as scalable decision-making, they are also subject to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-04-06 Omid Gheibi , Danny Weyns

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into real-time machine learning applications, where safeguarding user privacy is paramount. Traditional differential privacy mechanisms often struggle to balance privacy and accuracy,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Jessica Smith , David Williams , Emily Brown

In recent years Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have been rapidly developed in various applications, together with increasingly complex architectures. The performance gain of these DNNs generally comes with high computational costs and large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-12-05 Yiren Zhou , Seyed-Mohsen Moosavi-Dezfooli , Ngai-Man Cheung , Pascal Frossard

Large language models (LLMs) are widely deployed as general-purpose problem solvers, making accurate confidence estimation critical for reliable use. Prior work on LLM calibration largely focuses on response-level confidence, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Sin-Han Yang , Cheng-Kuang Wu , Chieh-Yen Lin , Yun-Nung Chen , Hung-yi Lee , Shao-Hua Sun

Multilingual pre-trained Large Language Models (LLMs) are incredibly effective at Question Answering (QA), a core task in Natural Language Understanding, achieving high accuracies on several multilingual benchmarks. However, little is known…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Yahan Yang , Soham Dan , Dan Roth , Insup Lee

Fine-tuning of Large Language Models (LLMs) for downstream tasks, performed on domain-specific data has shown significant promise. However, commercial use of such LLMs is limited by the high computational cost required for their deployment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Boris Nazarov , Darya Frolova , Yackov Lubarsky , Alexei Gaissinski , Pavel Kisilev

This paper focuses on extending the success of large language models (LLMs) to sequential decision making. Existing efforts either (i) re-train or finetune LLMs for decision making, or (ii) design prompts for pretrained LLMs. The former…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Dingyang Chen , Qi Zhang , Yinglun Zhu

Recent advances in large language models have led to specialized models excelling in specific domains, creating a need for efficient model merging techniques. While traditional merging approaches combine parameters into a single static…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Shuqi Liu , Yuxuan Yao , Bowei He , Zehua Liu , Xiongwei Han , Mingxuan Yuan , Han Wu , Linqi Song

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been emerging as prominent AI models for solving many natural language tasks due to their high performance (e.g., accuracy) and capabilities in generating high-quality responses to the given inputs.…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Rachmad Vidya Wicaksana Putra , Pasindu Wickramasinghe , Muhammad Shafique