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For the first time, we introduce "Scaling invariable Benford distance" and "Benford cyclic graph", which can be used to analyze any data set. Using the quantity and the graph, we analyze some date sets with common distributions, such as…
A random set is a generalisation of a random variable, i.e. a set-valued random variable. The random set theory allows a unification of other uncertainty descriptions such as interval variable, mass belief function in Dempster-Shafer theory…
Given a large set $U$ where each item $a\in U$ has weight $w(a)$, we want to estimate the total weight $W=\sum_{a\in U} w(a)$ to within factor of $1\pm\varepsilon$ with some constant probability $>1/2$. Since $n=|U|$ is large, we want to do…
Non-uniform sampling arises when an experimenter does not have full control over the sampling characteristics of the process under investigation. Moreover, it is introduced intentionally in algorithms such as Bayesian optimization and…
Many datasets describing contacts in a population suffer from incompleteness due to population sampling and underreporting of contacts. Data-driven simulations of spreading processes using such incomplete data lead to an underestimation of…
This paper investigates what can be inferred about an arbitrary continuous probability distribution from a finite sample of $N$ observations drawn from it. The central finding is that the $N$ sorted sample points partition the real line…
The Birnbaum-Saunders distribution has been widely applied in several areas of science and although several methodologies related to this distribution have been proposed, the problem of determining the optimal sample size for estimating its…
Sub-sampling is a common and often effective method to deal with the computational challenges of large datasets. However, for most statistical models, there is no well-motivated approach for drawing a non-uniform subsample. We show that the…
This monograph presents a unified treatment of single- and multi-user problems in Shannon's information theory where we depart from the requirement that the error probability decays asymptotically in the blocklength. Instead, the error…
The spread of infectious disease in a human community or the proliferation of fake news on social media can be modeled as a randomly growing tree-shaped graph. The history of the random growth process is often unobserved but contains…
We consider a Bayesian framework for estimating the sample size of a clinical trial. The new approach, called BESS, is built upon three pillars: Sample size of the trial, Evidence from the observed data, and Confidence of the final decision…
Frequentists' inference often delivers point estimators associated with confidence intervals or sets for parameters of interest. Constructing the confidence intervals or sets requires understanding the sampling distributions of the point…
Consider a population consisting of n individuals, each of whom has one of d types (e.g. their blood type, in which case d=4). We are allowed to query this database by specifying a subset of the population, and in response we observe a…
We propose an aproach for asymptotic analysis of plane partition statistics related to counts of parts whose sizes exceed a certain suitably chosen level. In our study, we use the concept of conjugate trace of a plane partition of the…
Estimation of the number of species or unobserved classes from a random sample of the underlying population is a ubiquitous problem in statistics. In classical settings, the size of the sample is usually small. New technologies such as…
Sample size criteria are often expressed in terms of the concentration of the posterior density, as controlled by some sort of error bound. Since this is done pre-experimentally, one can regard the posterior density as a function of the…
Selective inference methods are developed for group lasso estimators for use with a wide class of distributions and loss functions. The method includes the use of exponential family distributions, as well as quasi-likelihood modeling for…
In statistical inference, confidence set procedures are typically evaluated based on their validity and width properties. Even when procedures achieve rate-optimal widths, confidence sets can still be excessively wide in practice due to…
Probabilities of causation (PoCs), such as the probability of necessity and sufficiency (PNS), are important tools for decision making but are generally not point identifiable. Existing work has derived bounds for these quantities using…
Given $n$ samples from a population of individuals belonging to different types with unknown proportions, how do we estimate the probability of discovering a new type at the $(n+1)$-th draw? This is a classical problem in statistics,…