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We propose a new perspective for approaching artificial general intelligence (AGI) through an intelligence foundation model (IFM). Unlike existing foundation models (FMs), which specialize in pattern learning within specific domains such as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Borui Cai , Yao Zhao

Artificial General Intelligence (AGI), widely regarded as the fundamental goal of artificial intelligence, represents the realization of cognitive capabilities that enable the handling of general tasks with human-like proficiency.…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Bo Yu , Jiangning Wei , Minzhen Hu , Zejie Han , Tianjian Zou , Ye He , Jun Liu

Intelligent agents stand out as a potential path toward artificial general intelligence (AGI). Thus, researchers have dedicated significant effort to diverse implementations for them. Benefiting from recent progress in large language models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Yuheng Cheng , Ceyao Zhang , Zhengwen Zhang , Xiangrui Meng , Sirui Hong , Wenhao Li , Zihao Wang , Zekai Wang , Feng Yin , Junhua Zhao , Xiuqiang He

Large Language Model (LLMs) such as ChatGPT that exhibit generative AI capabilities are facing accelerated adoption and innovation. The increased presence of Generative AI (GAI) inevitably raises concerns about the risks and safety…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Jaymari Chua , Yun Li , Shiyi Yang , Chen Wang , Lina Yao

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems have become widely used for enhancing large language model capabilities, but they introduce significant security vulnerabilities through prompt injection attacks. We present a comprehensive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Badrinath Ramakrishnan , Akshaya Balaji

We outline the principles of classical assurance for computer-based systems that pose significant risks. We then consider application of these principles to systems that employ Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML). A key…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Robin Bloomfield , John Rushby

The complexity of dynamics in AI techniques is already approaching that of complex adaptive systems, thus curtailing the feasibility of formal controllability and reachability analysis in the context of AI safety. It follows that the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-05-24 Vahid Behzadan , Arslan Munir , Roman V. Yampolskiy

As generative large model capabilities advance, safety concerns become more pronounced in their outputs. To ensure the sustainable growth of the AI ecosystem, it's imperative to undertake a holistic evaluation and refinement of associated…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Jiawen Deng , Jiale Cheng , Hao Sun , Zhexin Zhang , Minlie Huang

As AI agents powered by Large Language Models (LLMs) become increasingly versatile and capable of addressing a broad spectrum of tasks, ensuring their security has become a critical challenge. Among the most pressing threats are prompt…

There is still a significant gap between expectations and the successful adoption of AI to innovate and improve businesses. Due to the emergence of deep learning, AI adoption is more complex as it often incorporates big data and the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-09-16 Dian Tjondronegoro , Elizabeth Yuwono , Brent Richards , Damian Green , Siiri Hatakka

Agentic frameworks are the software layer through which AI agents act in the world. Existing safety methods intervene on the model and therefore remain conditional on unverifiable properties of learned behavior. We introduce containment…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Royce Moon , Lav R. Varshney

In this paper, we propose a new approach to building a artificial general intelligence with self awareness, which includes: (1) a new method to implement attention mechanisms; (2) a way to give machines self-demands; (3) how to form a value…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Yongcong Chen , Ting Zeng , Xingyue Chen

Currently, the dominant paradigm in AI safety is alignment with human values. Here we describe progress on developing an alternative approach to safety, based on ethical rationalism (Gewirth:1978), and propose an inherently safe…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-03-21 András Kornai , Michael Bukatin , Zsolt Zombori

Agentic AI systems present both significant opportunities and novel risks due to their capacity for autonomous action, encompassing tasks such as code execution, internet interaction, and file modification. This poses considerable…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Shaun Khoo , Jessica Foo , Roy Ka-Wei Lee

As AI models scale to billions of parameters and operate with increasing autonomy, ensuring their safe, reliable operation demands engineering-grade security and assurance frameworks. This paper presents an enterprise-level, risk-aware,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Krti Tallam

Recent advancements in large language models have demonstrated that extended inference through techniques can markedly improve performance, yet these gains come with increased computational costs and the propagation of inherent biases found…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Edward Hong Wang , Cynthia Xin Wen

The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) has significantly advanced solutions across various domains, from political science to software development. However, these models are constrained by their training data, which is static and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Aadil Gani Ganie

Data-driven operations management often relies on parameters estimated from costly human-generated labels. Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) and other AI systems offer inexpensive auxiliary data, but introduce a new challenge:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Cheng Lu , Mengxin Wang , Dennis J. Zhang , Heng Zhang

During the evolution of large models, performance evaluation is necessarily performed to assess their capabilities and ensure safety before practical application. However, current model evaluations mainly rely on specific tasks and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Youzhi Qu , Chen Wei , Penghui Du , Wenxin Che , Chi Zhang , Wanli Ouyang , Yatao Bian , Feiyang Xu , Bin Hu , Kai Du , Haiyan Wu , Jia Liu , Quanying Liu

Ensuring that AI systems reliably and robustly avoid harmful or dangerous behaviours is a crucial challenge, especially for AI systems with a high degree of autonomy and general intelligence, or systems used in safety-critical contexts. In…