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The divisorial gonality of a graph is the minimum degree of a positive rank divisor on that graph. We introduce the multiplicity-free gonality of a graph, which restricts our consideration to divisors that place at most \(1\) chip on each…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-07-28 Frances Dean , Max Everett , Ralph Morrison

Chess graphs encode the moves that a particular chess piece can make on an $m\times n$ chessboard. We study through these graphs through the lens of chip-firing games and graph gonality. We provide upper and lower bounds for the gonality of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-03-07 Nila Cibu , Kexin Ding , Steven DiSilvio , Sasha Kononova , Chan Lee , Ralph Morrison , Krish Singal

We prove new lower and upper bounds on the higher gonalities of finite graphs. These bounds are generalizations of known upper and lower bounds for first gonality to higher gonalities, including upper bounds on gonality involving…

To any graph we associate a sequence of integers called the gonality sequence of the graph, consisting of the minimum degrees of divisors of increasing rank on the graph. This is a tropical analogue of the gonality sequence of an algebraic…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-04-19 Ivan Aidun , Frances Dean , Ralph Morrison , Teresa Yu , Julie Yuan

Stable gonality is a multigraph parameter that measures the complexity of a graph. It is defined using maps to trees. Those maps, in some sense, divide the edges equally over the edges of the tree; stable gonality asks for the map with the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Ragnar Groot Koerkamp , Marieke van der Wegen

We provide lower bounds on the gonality of a graph in terms of its spectral and edge expansion. As a consequence, we see that the gonality of a random 3-regular graph is asymptotically almost surely greater than one seventh its genus.

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2016-09-01 Neelav Dutta , David Jensen

In this paper we study queen's graphs, which encode the moves by a queen on an $n\times m$ chess board, through the lens of chip-firing games. We prove that their gonality is equal to $nm$ minus the independence number of the graph, and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-07-22 Ralph Morrison , Noah Speeter

There are several notions of gonality for graphs. The divisorial gonality dgon(G) of a graph G is the smallest degree of a divisor of positive rank in the sense of Baker-Norine. The stable gonality sgon(G) of a graph G is the minimum degree…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-04-16 Dion Gijswijt , Harry Smit , Marieke van der Wegen

The Harary index of a graph is defined as the sum of reciprocals of distances between all pairs of vertices of the graph. In this paper we provide an upper bound of the Harary index in terms of the vertex or edge connectivity of a graph. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-09-19 Xiao-Xin Li , Yi-Zheng Fan

Two dimensional rook graphs are the Cartesian product of two complete graphs. In this paper we prove that the gonality of these graphs is the expected value of $(n-1)m$ where $n$ is the size of the smaller complete graph and $m$ is the size…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-05-24 Noah Speeter

In this paper we study Cartesian products of graphs and their divisorial gonality, which is a tropical version of the gonality of an algebraic curve. We present an upper bound on the gonality of the Cartesian product of any two graphs, and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-09-24 Ivan Aidun , Ralph Morrison

We introduce a notion of a girth-regular graph as a $k$-regular graph for which there exists a non-descending sequence $(a_1, a_2, \dots, a_k)$ (called the signature) giving, for every vertex $u$ of the graph, the number of girth cycles the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-11-05 Primož Potočnik , Janoš Vidali

We characterise the form of all simple, finite graphs for which the girth of the graph is equal to the circumference of the graph. We apply this to prove a bound on the number of edges in such a graph.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-10-11 Lewis Stanton , Jeffrey Thompson

A circulant graph is a simple graph whose adjacency matrix can be represented in the form of a circulant matrix, while a nut graph is considered to be a graph whose null space is spanned by a single full vector. In a previous study by…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-26 Ivan Damnjanović

We characterize some graphs with a Gorenstein edge ideal. In particular, we show that if $G$ is a circulant graph with vertex degree at most four or a circulant graph of the form $C_n(1,\ldots, d)$ for some $d\leq n/2$, then $G$ is…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2024-04-11 Ashkan Nikseresht , Mohammad Reza Oboudi

We consider a variant of metrised graphs where the edge lengths take values in a commutative monoid, as a higher-rank generalisation of the notion of a tropical curve. Divisorial gonality, which Baker and Norine defined on combinatorial…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-09-19 Josse van Dobben de Bruyn , David Holmes , David van der Vorm

The scramble number of a graph is an invariant recently developed to aid in the study of divisorial gonality. In this paper we prove that scramble number is NP-hard to compute, also providing a proof that computing gonality is NP-hard even…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-12-09 Marino Echavarria , Max Everett , Robin Huang , Liza Jacoby , Ralph Morrison , Ben Weber

A scramble on a connected multigraph is a collection of connected subgraphs that generalizes the notion of a bramble. The maximum order of a scramble, called the scramble number of a graph, was recently developed as a tool for lower…

We investigate the structure of conformally rigid graphs. Graphs are conformally rigid if introducing edge weights cannot increase (decrease) the second (last) eigenvalue of the Graph Laplacian. Edge-transitive graphs and distance-regular…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-26 João Gouveia , Stefan Steinerberger , Rekha R. Thomas

The inertia bound gives an upper bound on the independence number of a graph by considering the inertia of matrices corresponding to the graph. The bound is known to be tight for graphs on 10 or fewer vertices as well as for all perfect…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-09-12 John Sinkovic
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