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The introduction of new features and services in the banking sector often overwhelms customers, creating an opportunity for banks to enhance user experience through financial chatbots powered by large language models (LLMs). We initiated an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Hamza Landolsi , Kais Letaief , Nizar Taghouti , Ines Abdeljaoued-Tej

Bibliometric analysis is essential for understanding research trends, scope, and impact in urban science, especially in high-impact journals, such Nature Portfolios. However, traditional methods, relying on keyword searches and basic NLP…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Haowen Xu , Xueping Li , Jose Tupayachi , Jianming , Lian , Femi Omitaomu

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) improves large language model reliability by grounding generated responses in external evidence. However, RAG performance depends on the relevance of retrieved passages, the quality of evidence ranking,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Fariba Afrin Irany , Sampson Akwafuo

Future wireless networks aim to deliver high data rates and lower power consumption while ensuring seamless connectivity, necessitating robust optimization. Large language models (LLMs) have been deployed for generalized optimization…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Muhammad Ahmed Mohsin , Ahsan Bilal , Sagnik Bhattacharya , John M. Cioffi

We present a novel graph neural network (GNN) architecture for retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) that leverages query-aware attention mechanisms and learned scoring heads to improve retrieval accuracy on complex, multi-hop questions.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Vibhor Agrawal , Fay Wang , Rishi Puri

This paper introduces an innovative approach using Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) pipelines with Large Language Models (LLMs) to enhance information retrieval and query response systems for university-related question answering. By…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Arshia Hemmat , Kianoosh Vadaei , Mohammad Hassan Heydari , Afsaneh Fatemi

Knowing that the generative capabilities of large language models (LLM) are sometimes hampered by tendencies to hallucinate or create non-factual responses, researchers have increasingly focused on methods to ground generated outputs in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Sonal Prabhune , Donald J. Berndt

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems expose numerous design choices spanning query rewriting, chunking, retrieval depth, reranking, and context compression. In practice, these choices are often configured through heuristics,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Zhen Chen , Yibing Liu , Weihao Xie , Yu Liang , Peilin Chen , Shiqi Wang

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as the de facto industry standard for user-facing NLP applications, offering the ability to integrate data without re-training or fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs). This capability…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Lukas Ammann , Sara Ott , Christoph R. Landolt , Marco P. Lehmann

Reranking is a critical stage in contemporary information retrieval (IR) systems, improving the relevance of the user-presented final results by honing initial candidate sets. This paper is a thorough guide to examine the changing reranker…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Tejul Pandit , Sakshi Mahendru , Meet Raval , Dhvani Upadhyay

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a framework to address the constraints of Large Language Models (LLMs). Yet, its effectiveness fundamentally hinges on document chunking - an often-overlooked determinant of its quality.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Samuel Taiwo , Mohd Amaluddin Yusoff

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as the standard paradigm for answering questions on enterprise data. Traditionally, RAG has centered on text-based semantic search and re-ranking. However, this approach falls short when…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Gurbinder Gill , Ritvik Gupta , Denis Lusson , Anand Chandrashekar , Donald Nguyen

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is widely utilized to incorporate external knowledge into large language models, thereby enhancing factuality and reducing hallucinations in question-answering (QA) tasks. A standard RAG pipeline…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Yiqun Chen , Lingyong Yan , Weiwei Sun , Xinyu Ma , Yi Zhang , Shuaiqiang Wang , Dawei Yin , Yiming Yang , Jiaxin Mao

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a widely adopted approach for knowledge injection during large language model (LLM) inference in recent years. However, due to their limited ability to exploit fine-grained inter-document…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Weitao Li , Kaiming Liu , Xiangyu Zhang , Xuanyu Lei , Weizhi Ma , Yang Liu

Retrieval augmented generation (RAG) has been applied in many scenarios to augment large language models (LLMs) with external documents provided by retrievers. However, a semantic gap exists between LLMs and retrievers due to differences in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Fuda Ye , Shuangyin Li , Yongqi Zhang , Lei Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have enabled a wide range of applications through their powerful capabilities in language understanding and generation. However, as LLMs are trained on static corpora, they face difficulties in addressing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Yongjie Wang , Yue Yu , Kaisong Song , Jun Lin , Zhiqi Shen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been integrated into recommendation systems to enhance user behavior comprehension. The Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) technique is further incorporated into these systems to retrieve more relevant…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Jian Xu , Sichun Luo , Xiangyu Chen , Haoming Huang , Hanxu Hou , Linqi Song

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) offers a cost-effective approach to injecting real-time knowledge into large language models (LLMs). Nevertheless, constructing and validating high-quality knowledge repositories require considerable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Xun Liang , Simin Niu , Zhiyu li , Sensen Zhang , Shichao Song , Hanyu Wang , Jiawei Yang , Feiyu Xiong , Bo Tang , Chenyang Xi

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances large language models (LLMs) by integrating up-to-date external knowledge, yet real-world web environments present unique challenges. These limitations manifest as two key challenges: pervasive…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Yuqin Dai , Shuo Yang , Guoqing Wang , Yong Deng , Zhanwei Zhang , Jun Yin , Pengyu Zeng , Zhenzhe Ying , Changhua Meng , Can Yi , Yuchen Zhou , Weiqiang Wang , Shuai Lu

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances LLM factuality, yet design guidance remains English-centric, limiting insights for morphologically rich languages like Turkish. We address this by constructing a comprehensive Turkish RAG…

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