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We propose an approach for annotating object classes using free-form text written by undirected and untrained annotators. Free-form labeling is natural for annotators, they intuitively provide very specific and exhaustive labels, and no…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-06-05 Jordi Pont-Tuset , Michael Gygli , Vittorio Ferrari

Slang is a common type of informal language, but its flexible nature and paucity of data resources present challenges for existing natural language systems. We take an initial step toward machine generation of slang by developing a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-25 Zhewei Sun , Richard Zemel , Yang Xu

Recent Speech-to-Speech Translation (S2ST) systems achieve strong semantic accuracy yet consistently strip away non-verbal vocalizations (NVs), such as laughter and crying that convey pragmatic intent, which severely limits real-world…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Szu-Chi Chen , I-Ning Tsai , Yi-Cheng Lin , Sung-Feng Huang , Hung-yi Lee

Whispered speech is produced when the vocal folds are not used, either intentionally, or due to a temporary or permanent voice condition. The essential difference between natural speech and whispered speech is that periodic signal…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-10 Aníbal J. S. Ferreira , Luis M. T. Jesus , Laurentino M. M. Leal , Jorge E. F. Spratley

Existing deep learning based speech enhancement mainly employ a data-driven approach, which leverage large amounts of data with a variety of noise types to achieve noise removal from noisy signal. However, the high dependence on the data…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Huaying Xue , Xiulian Peng , Yan Lu

This paper introduces a human-in-the-loop (HITL) data annotation pipeline to generate high-quality, large-scale speech datasets. The pipeline combines human and machine advantages to more quickly, accurately, and cost-effectively annotate…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-06 Mingkuan Liu , Chi Zhang , Hua Xing , Chao Feng , Monchu Chen , Judith Bishop , Grace Ngapo

Accurate ground truth estimation in medical screening programs often relies on coalitions of experts and peer second opinions. Algorithms that efficiently aggregate noisy annotations can enhance screening workflows, particularly when data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Tim Bary , Tiffanie Godelaine , Axel Abels , Benoît Macq

In this paper, we introduce a novel approach to address the task of synthesizing speech from silent videos of any in-the-wild speaker solely based on lip movements. The traditional approach of directly generating speech from lip videos…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Sindhu Hegde , Rudrabha Mukhopadhyay , C. V. Jawahar , Vinay Namboodiri

Audio is an essential part of our life, but creating it often requires expertise and is time-consuming. Research communities have made great progress over the past year advancing the performance of large scale audio generative models for a…

The objective of this paper is speaker recognition under noisy and unconstrained conditions. We make two key contributions. First, we introduce a very large-scale audio-visual speaker recognition dataset collected from open-source media.…

Sound · Computer Science 2020-11-05 Joon Son Chung , Arsha Nagrani , Andrew Zisserman

High-quality Text-to-Speech (TTS) model training requires extensive and diverse text and speech data. It is challenging to procure such data from real sources due to issues of domain specificity, licensing, and scalability. Large language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Karan Dua , Puneet Mittal , Ranjeet Gupta , Hitesh Laxmichand Patel

Recent breakthroughs in singing voice synthesis (SVS) have heightened the demand for high-quality annotated datasets, yet manual annotation remains prohibitively labor-intensive and resource-intensive. Existing automatic singing annotation…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Wenxiang Guo , Yu Zhang , Changhao Pan , Zhiyuan Zhu , Ruiqi Li , Zhetao Chen , Wenhao Xu , Fei Wu , Zhou Zhao

Natural language generation (NLG) is a critical component of spoken dialogue and it has a significant impact both on usability and perceived quality. Most NLG systems in common use employ rules and heuristics and tend to generate rigid and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-08-27 Tsung-Hsien Wen , Milica Gasic , Nikola Mrksic , Pei-Hao Su , David Vandyke , Steve Young

We present JNV (Japanese Nonverbal Vocalizations) corpus, a corpus of Japanese nonverbal vocalizations (NVs) with diverse phrases and emotions. Existing Japanese NV corpora lack phrase or emotion diversity, which makes it difficult to…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Detai Xin , Shinnosuke Takamichi , Hiroshi Saruwatari

Audio-visual speech enhancement aims to extract clean speech from a noisy environment by leveraging not only the audio itself but also the target speaker's lip movements. This approach has been shown to yield improvements over audio-only…

Since facial actions such as lip movements contain significant information about speech content, it is not surprising that audio-visual speech enhancement methods are more accurate than their audio-only counterparts. Yet, state-of-the-art…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-01 Karren Yang , Dejan Markovic , Steven Krenn , Vasu Agrawal , Alexander Richard

Speech Emotion Recognition (SER) is typically trained and evaluated on majority-voted labels, which simplifies benchmarking but masks subjectivity and provides little transparency into why predictions are made. This neglects valid minority…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-06 Bo-Hao Su , Hui-Ying Shih , Jinchuan Tian , Jiatong Shi , Chi-Chun Lee , Carlos Busso , Shinji Watanabe

Voice assistants have become an essential tool for people with various disabilities because they enable complex phone- or tablet-based interactions without the need for fine-grained motor control, such as with touchscreens. However, these…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-17 Colin Lea , Zifang Huang , Dhruv Jain , Lauren Tooley , Zeinab Liaghat , Shrinath Thelapurath , Leah Findlater , Jeffrey P. Bigham

We present a new neural text to speech (TTS) method that is able to transform text to speech in voices that are sampled in the wild. Unlike other systems, our solution is able to deal with unconstrained voice samples and without requiring…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-02-02 Yaniv Taigman , Lior Wolf , Adam Polyak , Eliya Nachmani

In spoken conversations, spontaneous behaviors like filled pause and prolongations always happen. Conversational partner tends to align features of their speech with their interlocutor which is known as entrainment. To produce human-like…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-22 Jian Cong , Shan Yang , Na Hu , Guangzhi Li , Lei Xie , Dan Su