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We introduce a novel application of the Hartmann sensor, traditionally designed for wavefront sensing, to measure the coherence properties of optical signals. By drawing an analogy between the coherence matrix and the density matrix of a…
Spectroscopy and imaging in the mid-infrared (2.5 $\mu$m $\sim$ $\lambda$ $\sim$ 25 $\mu$m) is bedevilled by the presence of a strong 300 K thermal background at room temperature that makes IR detectors decades noisier than can be readily…
Interferometers provide a highly sensitive means to investigate and exploit the coherence properties of light in metrology applications. However, interferometers come in various forms and exploit different properties of the optical states…
We propose a novel dark matter detection scheme by leveraging quantum coherence across a network of multiple quantum sensors. This method effectively eliminates incoherent background noise, thereby significantly enhancing detection…
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) microscope (OCM) uses a high-numerical-aperture objective to achieve cellular-level lateral resolution. However, its practical imaging depth range is limited by the depth of focus (DOF). Although…
Inline Coherent Imaging (ICI) is a reliable method for real-time monitoring of various laser processes, including keyhole welding, additive manufacturing, and micromachining. However, the axial resolution is limited to greater than 2 {\mu}m…
The development of new techniques to improve measurements is crucial for all sciences. By employing quantum systems as sensors to probe some physical property of interest allows the application of quantum resources, such as coherent…
Multi-photon interference is at the heart of photonic quantum technologies. Arrays of integrated cavities can support bright sources of single-photons with high purity and small footprint, but the inevitable spectral distinguishability…
Recent years have seen the development of quantum sensing concepts utilizing nonlinear interferometers based on correlated photon pairs generated by spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC). Using SPDC far from frequency degeneracy…
Knowledge of optical properties, such as the refractive index (RI), of biological tissues is important in optical imaging, as they influence the distribution and propagation of light in tissue. To accurately study the response of cancerous…
Image sensors hold a pivotal role in society due to their ability to capture vast amounts of information. Traditionally, image sensors are opaque due to light absorption in both the pixels and the read-out electronics that are stacked on…
The discrimination of non-orthogonal quantum states with reduced or without errors is a fundamental task in quantum measurement theory. In this work, we investigate a quantum measurement strategy capable of discriminating two coherent…
Two descriptions are introduced and analyzed for a reflectivity estimation and detection scheme that does not involve measurement of photons scattered by the target. One description, provided by the Hamiltonian dynamics of the full…
Ultrasonic sensors are widely used for object detection and localization in underwater and biological settings. The operational range and spatial resolution are inherently limited by sensor sensitivity, in which conventional piezoelectric…
All optical detectors to date annihilate photons upon detection, thus excluding repeated measurements. Here, we demonstrate a robust photon detection scheme which does not rely on absorption. Instead, an incoming photon is reflected off an…
Novel imaging techniques utilizing nondegenerate, correlated photon pairs sparked intense interest during the last couple of years among scientists of the quantum optics community and beyond. It is a key property of such "ghost imaging" or…
As photonic technologies continue to grow in multidimensional aspects, integrated photonics holds a unique position and continuously presents enormous possibilities to research communities. Applications span across data centers,…
This thesis presents three studies in quantum-enhanced sensing and target detection. The first study explores covert target detection using optical or microwave probes, establishing quantum-mechanical limits on the error probabilities of…
The increasing demand for high-speed optical interconnects necessitates integrated photonic and electronic solutions. Electro-optic co-simulation is key to meeting these requirements, which works by importing interoperable photonic models…
The Wavelength-shifting Optical Module (WOM) is a novel photosensor concept for the instrumentation of large detector volumes with single-photon sensitivity. The key objective is to improve the signal-to-noise ratio which is achieved by…