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To balance effectiveness and efficiency in recommender systems, multi-stage pipelines commonly use lightweight two-tower models for large-scale candidate retrieval. However, the isolated two-tower architecture restricts representation…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Lixiang Wang , Shaoyun Shi , Peng Wang , Wenjin Wu , Peng Jiang

We consider the problem of bidding in online advertising, where an advertiser aims to maximize value while adhering to budget and Return-on-Spend (RoS) constraints. Unlike prior work that assumes knowledge of the value generated by winning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Sushant Vijayan , Zhe Feng , Swati Padmanabhan , Karthikeyan Shanmugam , Arun Suggala , Di Wang

Embedding-based neural retrieval (EBR) is an effective search retrieval method in product search for tackling the vocabulary gap between customer search queries and products. The initial launch of our EBR system at Walmart yielded…

Ride-hailing systems often suffer from spatiotemporal supply-demand imbalances, largely due to the independent and uncoordinated actions of drivers. While existing fleet rebalancing methods offer repositioning recommendations to idle…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-05 Avalpreet Singh Brar , Rong Su , Yuling Li , Gioele Zardini

The advancement of the communication technology and the popularity of the smart phones foster the booming of video ads. Baidu, as one of the leading search engine companies in the world, receives billions of search queries per day. How to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Tan Yu , Jie Liu , Yi Yang , Yi Li , Hongliang Fei , Ping Li

As the largest e-commerce platform, Taobao helps advertisers reach billions of search queries each day via sponsored search, which has also contributed considerable revenue to the platform. An efficient bidding strategy to cater to diverse…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-03-12 Hao Liu , Qinyu Cao , Xinru Liao , Guang Qiu , Sheng Li , Jiming Chen

Auction-based recommender systems are prevalent in online advertising platforms, but they are typically optimized to allocate recommendation slots based on immediate expected return metrics, neglecting the downstream effects of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Ruiyang Xu , Jalaj Bhandari , Dmytro Korenkevych , Fan Liu , Yuchen He , Alex Nikulkov , Zheqing Zhu

Ranking systems are ubiquitous in modern Internet services, including online marketplaces, social media, and search engines. Traditionally, ranking systems only focus on how to get better relevance estimation. When relevance estimation is…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Tao Yang , Zhichao Xu , Zhenduo Wang , Anh Tran , Qingyao Ai

Bid shading plays a crucial role in Real-Time Bidding (RTB) by adaptively adjusting the bid to avoid advertisers overspending. Existing mainstream two-stage methods, which first model bid landscapes and then optimize surplus using…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Yinqiu Huang , Hao Ma , Wenshuai Chen , Zongwei Wang , Shuli Wang , Yongqiang Zhang , Xue Wei , Yinhua Zhu , Haitao Wang , Xingxing Wang

Internet advertisers (buyers) repeatedly procure ad impressions from ad platforms (sellers) with the aim to maximize total conversion (i.e. ad value) while respecting both budget and return-on-investment (ROI) constraints for efficient…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-02-08 Negin Golrezaei , Patrick Jaillet , Jason Cheuk Nam Liang , Vahab Mirrokni

Bidding optimization is one of the most critical problems in online advertising. Sponsored search (SS) auction, due to the randomness of user query behavior and platform nature, usually adopts keyword-level bidding strategies. In contrast,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-03-02 Jun Zhao , Guang Qiu , Ziyu Guan , Wei Zhao , Xiaofei He

Cross-domain recommendation (CDR) is an important method to improve recommender system performance, especially when observations in target domains are sparse. However, most existing cross-domain recommendations fail to fully utilize the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Yuhao Luo , Shiwei Ma , Mingjun Nie , Changping Peng , Zhangang Lin , Jingping Shao , Qianfang Xu

Auto-bidding has become a cornerstone of modern online advertising platforms, enabling many advertisers to automate bidding at scale and optimize campaign performance. However, prevailing industrial systems rely on single-agent auto-bidding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Zhiyu Mou , Miao Xu , Rongquan Bai , Zhuoran Yang , Chuan Yu , Jian Xu , Bo Zheng

We introduce MOON, our comprehensive set of sustainable iterative practices for multimodal representation learning for e-commerce applications. MOON has already been fully deployed across all stages of Taobao search advertising system,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Chenghan Fu , Daoze Zhang , Yukang Lin , Zhanheng Nie , Xiang Zhang , Jianyu Liu , Yueran Liu , Wanxian Guan , Pengjie Wang , Jian Xu , Bo Zheng

Diversity-aware retrieval is essential for Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), yet existing methods lack theoretical guarantees and face scalability issues as the number of retrieved passages $k$ increases. We propose a principled…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Qiheng Lu , Nicholas D. Sidiropoulos

Online auction scenarios, such as bidding searches on advertising platforms, often require bidders to participate repeatedly in auctions for identical or similar items. Most previous studies have only considered the process by which the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Yudong Hu , Congying Han , Tiande Guo , Hao Xiao

We address online learning in complex auction settings, such as sponsored search auctions, where the value of the bidder is unknown to her, evolving in an arbitrary manner and observed only if the bidder wins an allocation. We leverage the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2018-06-04 Zhe Feng , Chara Podimata , Vasilis Syrgkanis

Online media offers opportunities to marketers to deliver brand messages to a large audience. Advertising technology platforms enables the advertisers to find the proper group of audiences and deliver ad impressions to them in real time.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-02-24 Bowen Zhou , Shahriar Shariat

Budget management strategies in repeated auctions have received growing attention in online advertising markets. However, previous work on budget management in online bidding mainly focused on second-price auctions. The rapid shift from…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-04-27 Qian Wang , Zongjun Yang , Xiaotie Deng , Yuqing Kong

Ads relevance models are crucial in determining the relevance between user search queries and ad offers, often framed as a classification problem. The complexity of modeling increases significantly with multiple ad types and varying…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Shouchang Guo , Sonam Damani , Keng-hao Chang