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Significant advances have recently been achieved in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) which tackles sequential decision-making problems involving multiple participants. However, MARL requires a tremendous number of samples for…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Xihuai Wang , Zhicheng Zhang , Weinan Zhang

This survey explores the development of meta-thinking capabilities in Large Language Models (LLMs) from a Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) perspective. Meta-thinking self-reflection, assessment, and control of thinking processes is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Ahsan Bilal , Muhammad Ahmed Mohsin , Muhammad Umer , Muhammad Awais Khan Bangash , Muhammad Ali Jamshed

Autonomous driving has attracted significant research interests in the past two decades as it offers many potential benefits, including releasing drivers from exhausting driving and mitigating traffic congestion, among others. Despite…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-08 Wei Zhou , Dong Chen , Jun Yan , Zhaojian Li , Huilin Yin , Wanchen Ge

Most real-world domains can be formulated as multi-agent (MA) systems. Intentionality sharing agents can solve more complex tasks by collaborating, possibly in less time. True cooperative actions are beneficial for egoistic and collective…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Philipp Dominic Siedler

LLM alignment has progressed in single-agent settings through paradigms such as RL with human feedback (RLHF), while recent work explores scalable alternatives such as RL with AI feedback (RLAIF) and dynamic alignment objectives. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Panatchakorn Anantaprayoon , Nataliia Babina , Nima Asgharbeygi , Jad Tarifi

Self-evolution is a central research topic in enabling large language model (LLM)-based agents to continually improve their capabilities after pretraining. Recent research has witnessed a transition from reinforcement learning (RL)-free to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Xiangyuan Xue , Yifan Zhou , Guibin Zhang , Zaibin Zhang , Yijiang Li , Chen Zhang , Zhenfei Yin , Philip Torr , Wanli Ouyang , Lei Bai

Multi-Agent RL or MARL is one of the complex problems in Autonomous Driving literature that hampers the release of fully-autonomous vehicles today. Several simulators have been in iteration after their inception to mitigate the problem of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-24 Ansh Mittal , Aditya Malte

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) is a powerful paradigm for solving cooperative and competitive decision-making problems. While many MARL benchmarks have been proposed, few combine continuous state and action spaces with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Artem Pshenitsyn , Aleksandr Panov , Alexey Skrynnik

Multi-Agent Path Finding (MAPF) is a critical component of logistics and warehouse management, which focuses on planning collision-free paths for a team of robots in a known environment. Recent work introduced a novel MAPF approach, LNS2,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Yutong Wang , Tanishq Duhan , Jiaoyang Li , Guillaume Sartoretti

Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) algorithms, trained only to optimize task reward, can lead to a concentration of power where the failure or adversarial intent of a single agent could decimate the reward of every agent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Michelle Li , Michael Dennis

Multi-agent Reinforcement learning (MARL) studies the behaviour of multiple learning agents that coexist in a shared environment. MARL is more challenging than single-agent RL because it involves more complex learning dynamics: the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-04-26 Roger Creus Castanyer

LLM-based multi-agent systems (MAS) have shown significant potential in tackling diverse tasks. However, to design effective MAS, existing approaches heavily rely on manual configurations or multiple calls of advanced LLMs, resulting in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Rui Ye , Shuo Tang , Rui Ge , Yaxin Du , Zhenfei Yin , Siheng Chen , Jing Shao

Mathematical reasoning is a fundamental capability for large language models (LLMs), yet achieving high performance in this domain remains a significant challenge. The auto-regressive generation process often makes LLMs susceptible to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Xiaoxuan Lou , Chaojie Wang , Bo An

Traditional Reinforcement Learning (RL) suffers from replicating human-like behaviors, generalizing effectively in multi-agent scenarios, and overcoming inherent interpretability issues.These tasks are compounded when deep environment…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Miao Zhang , Zhenlong Fang , Tianyi Wang , Qian Zhang , Shuai Lu , Junfeng Jiao , Tianyu Shi

Reinforcement learning provides effective results with agents learning from their observations, received rewards, and internal interactions between agents. This study proposes a new open-source MARL framework, called COGMENT, to efficiently…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-03-03 Neda Navidi , Francoi Chabo , Saga Kurandwa , Iv Lutigma , Vincent Robt , Gregry Szrftgr , Andea Schuh

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has emerged as a useful approach to solving decentralised decision-making problems at scale. Research in the field has been growing steadily with many breakthrough algorithms proposed in recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-22 Rihab Gorsane , Omayma Mahjoub , Ruan de Kock , Roland Dubb , Siddarth Singh , Arnu Pretorius

The rise of Agent AI and Large Language Model-powered Multi-Agent Systems (LLM-MAS) has underscored the need for responsible and dependable system operation. Tools like LangChain and Retrieval-Augmented Generation have expanded LLM…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Jinwei Hu , Yi Dong , Shuang Ao , Zhuoyun Li , Boxuan Wang , Lokesh Singh , Guangliang Cheng , Sarvapali D. Ramchurn , Xiaowei Huang

Language model (LM) agents have gained significant attention for their ability to autonomously complete tasks through interactions with environments, tools, and APIs. LM agents are primarily built with prompt engineering or supervised…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Renxi Wang , Rifo Ahmad Genadi , Bilal El Bouardi , Yongxin Wang , Fajri Koto , Zhengzhong Liu , Timothy Baldwin , Haonan Li

Effective collaboration in multi-agent systems requires communicating goals and intentions between agents. Current agent frameworks often suffer from dependencies on single-agent execution and lack robust inter-module communication,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Xihe Qiu , Haoyu Wang , Xiaoyu Tan , Chao Qu , Yujie Xiong , Yuan Cheng , Yinghui Xu , Wei Chu , Yuan Qi

Large sequence model (SM) such as GPT series and BERT has displayed outstanding performance and generalization capabilities on vision, language, and recently reinforcement learning tasks. A natural follow-up question is how to abstract…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2022-10-31 Muning Wen , Jakub Grudzien Kuba , Runji Lin , Weinan Zhang , Ying Wen , Jun Wang , Yaodong Yang