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Autonomous driving systems (ADSs) are capable of sensing the environment and making driving decisions autonomously. These systems are safety-critical, and testing them is one of the important approaches to ensure their safety. However, due…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Chengjie Lu , Tao Yue , Man Zhang , Shaukat Ali

Recently, world models have made significant progress in enhancing end-to-end driving systems through both future situation forecasting and improved scene understanding. However, existing driving world models are typically built upon dense…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Ruoyu Wang , Jingke Wang , Yukai Ma , Yuehao Huang , Shuangming Lei , Guanglin Xu , Aixue Ye , Yong Liu

In the design of traffic monitoring solutions for optimizing the urban mobility infrastructure, acoustic vehicle counting models have received attention due to their cost effectiveness and energy efficiency. Although deep learning has…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-18 Stefano Damiano , Luca Bondi , Shabnam Ghaffarzadegan , Andre Guntoro , Toon van Waterschoot

One core challenge in the development of automated vehicles is their capability to deal with a multitude of complex trafficscenarios with many, hard to predict traffic participants. As part of the iterative development process, it is…

Graphics · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Lars Töttel , Maximilian Zipfl , Daniel Bogdoll , Marc René Zofka , J. Marius Zöllner

A central challenge for autonomous vehicles is coordinating with humans. Therefore, incorporating realistic human agents is essential for scalable training and evaluation of autonomous driving systems in simulation. Simulation agents are…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Daphne Cornelisse , Eugene Vinitsky

We present Sym2Real, a fully data-driven framework that provides a principled way to train low-level adaptive controllers in a highly data-efficient manner. Using only about 10 trajectories, we achieve robust control of both a quadrotor and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Easop Lee , Samuel A. Moore , Boyuan Chen

In order to demonstrate the limitations of assistive robotic capabilities in noisy real-world environments, we propose a Decision-Making Scenario analysis approach that examines the challenges due to user and environmental uncertainty, and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Khairidine Benali , Praminda Caleb-Solly

Scenario-based methods for the assessment of Automated Vehicles (AVs) are widely supported by many players in the automotive field. Scenarios captured from real-world data can be used to define the scenarios for the assessment and to…

Using a game engine, we have developed a virtual environment which models important aspects of critical incident scenarios. We focused on modelling phenomena relating to the identification and gathering of key forensic evidence, in order to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-12-18 David L. Smyth , Frank G. Glavin , Michael G. Madden

Reinforcement learning (RL) is widely used in autonomous driving tasks and training RL models typically involves in a multi-step process: pre-training RL models on simulators, uploading the pre-trained model to real-life robots, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-15 Xinle Liang , Yang Liu , Tianjian Chen , Ming Liu , Qiang Yang

Autonomous vehicles have the potential to lower the accident rate when compared to human driving. Moreover, it is the driving force of the automated vehicles' rapid development over the last few years. In the higher Society of Automotive…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Dhanoop Karunakaran , Julie Stephany Berrio , Stewart Worrall , Eduardo Nebot

Efficient acquisition of real-world embodied data has been increasingly critical. However, large-scale demonstrations captured by remote operation tend to take extremely high costs and fail to scale up the data size in an efficient manner.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Xinhai Li , Jialin Li , Ziheng Zhang , Rui Zhang , Fan Jia , Tiancai Wang , Haoqiang Fan , Kuo-Kun Tseng , Ruiping Wang

Human-driven vehicles (HVs) amplify naturally occurring perturbations in traffic, leading to congestion--a major contributor to increased fuel consumption, higher collision risks, and reduced road capacity utilization. While previous…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Bibek Poudel , Weizi Li , Kevin Heaslip

Reinforcement learning (RL) has been widely used in decision-making and control tasks, but the risk is very high for the agent in the training process due to the requirements of interaction with the environment, which seriously limits its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Xuemin Hu , Pan Chen , Yijun Wen , Bo Tang , Long Chen

Safe and scalable deployment of end-to-end (E2E) autonomous driving requires extensive and diverse data, particularly safety-critical events. Existing data are mostly generated from simulators with a significant sim-to-real gap or collected…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Jiawei Wang , Haowei Sun , Xintao Yan , Shuo Feng , Jun Gao , Henry X. Liu

Training deep neural network policies end-to-end for real-world applications so far requires big demonstration datasets in the real world or big sets consisting of a large variety of realistic and closely related 3D CAD models. These real…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-04-13 Klaas Kelchtermans , Tinne Tuytelaars

Simulating stylized human-scene interactions (HSI) in physical environments is a challenging yet fascinating task. Prior works emphasize long-term execution but fall short in achieving both diverse style and physical plausibility. To tackle…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Wenjia Wang , Liang Pan , Zhiyang Dou , Jidong Mei , Zhouyingcheng Liao , Yuke Lou , Yifan Wu , Lei Yang , Jingbo Wang , Taku Komura

Modern autonomous systems require extensive testing to ensure reliability and build trust in ground vehicles. However, testing these systems in the real-world is challenging due to the lack of large and diverse datasets, especially in edge…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Xiangyu Bai , Yedi Luo , Le Jiang , Aniket Gupta , Pushyami Kaveti , Hanumant Singh , Sarah Ostadabbas

Testing autonomous robotic systems, such as self-driving cars and unmanned aerial vehicles, is challenging due to their interaction with highly unpredictable environments. A common practice is to first conduct simulation-based testing,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Dmytro Humeniuk , Foutse Khomh

While Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have established the fundamentals of DNN-based autonomous driving systems, they may exhibit erroneous behaviors and cause fatal accidents. To resolve the safety issues of autonomous driving systems, a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-03-08 Mengshi Zhang , Yuqun Zhang , Lingming Zhang , Cong Liu , Sarfraz Khurshid