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Medical image segmentation, the task of partitioning an image into meaningful parts, is an important step toward automating medical image analysis and is at the crux of a variety of medical imaging applications, such as computer aided…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-07-06 Masoud S. Nosrati , Ghassan Hamarneh

Medical image segmentation plays a critical role in clinical decision-making, treatment planning, and disease monitoring. However, accurate segmentation of medical images is challenging due to several factors, such as the lack of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Zihan Li , Yuan Zheng , Xiangde Luo , Dandan Shan , Qingqi Hong

We tackle biomedical image segmentation in the scenario of only a few labeled brain MR images. This is an important and challenging task in medical applications, where manual annotations are time-consuming. Current multi-atlas based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-01-14 Hyeon Woo Lee , Mert R. Sabuncu , Adrian V. Dalca

Accurate medical image segmentation is crucial for precise anatomical delineation. Deep learning models like U-Net have shown great success but depend heavily on large datasets and struggle with domain shifts, complex structures, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Hantao Zhang , Yuhe Liu , Jiancheng Yang , Weidong Guo , Xinyuan Wang , Pascal Fua

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are widely used for decision making in a myriad of critical applications, ranging from medical to societal and even judicial. Given the importance of these decisions, it is crucial for us to be able to interpret…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-28 Teddy Koker , Fatemehsadat Mireshghallah , Tom Titcombe , Georgios Kaissis

Deep learning has driven significant advances in medical image analysis, yet its adoption in clinical practice remains constrained by the large size and lack of transparency in modern models. Advances in interpretability techniques such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Nikita Malik , Pratinav Seth , Neeraj Kumar Singh , Chintan Chitroda , Vinay Kumar Sankarapu

Reliable and interpretable decision-making is essential in medical imaging, where diagnostic outcomes directly influence patient care. Despite advances in deep learning, most medical AI systems operate as opaque black boxes, providing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Pirzada Suhail , Aditya Anand , Amit Sethi

Segmentation of organs or lesions from medical images plays an essential role in many clinical applications such as diagnosis and treatment planning. Though Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) have achieved the state-of-the-art performance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-27 Xiangde Luo , Guotai Wang , Tao Song , Jingyang Zhang , Michael Aertsen , Jan Deprest , Sebastien Ourselin , Tom Vercauteren , Shaoting Zhang

Medical image segmentation is an important step in medical image analysis, especially as a crucial prerequisite for efficient disease diagnosis and treatment. The use of deep learning for image segmentation has become a prevalent trend. The…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-11 Wenjian Yao , Jiajun Bai , Wei Liao , Yuheng Chen , Mengjuan Liu , Yao Xie

The most recent advances in medical imaging that have transformed diagnosis, especially in the case of interpreting X-ray images, are actively involved in the healthcare sector. The advent of digital image processing technology and the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-21 Abhishek Swami , Snehal Farande , Atharv Patil , Atharva Parle , Vivekanand Mane , Prathamesh Thorat

3D image segmentation is a recent and crucial step in many medical analysis and recognition schemes. In fact, it represents a relevant research subject and a fundamental challenge due to its importance and influence. This paper provides a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-22 Omar Boudraa

Semantic segmentation is a critical step in automated image interpretation and analysis where pixels are classified into one or more predefined semantically meaningful classes. Deep learning approaches for semantic segmentation rely on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-10 Tushar Kataria , Beatrice Knudsen , Shireen Elhabian

Semantic segmentation is a key computer vision task that has been actively researched for decades. In recent years, supervised methods have reached unprecedented accuracy, however they require many pixel-level annotations for every new…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Nir Zabari , Yedid Hoshen

Automatic segmentation of anatomical structures is critical in medical image analysis, aiding diagnostics and treatment planning. Skin segmentation plays a key role in registering and visualising multimodal imaging data. 3D skin…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-16 Martina Paccini , Giuseppe Patanè

Pre-trained segmentation models are a powerful and flexible tool for segmenting images. Recently, this trend has extended to medical imaging. Yet, often these methods only produce a single prediction for a given image, neglecting inherent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Benjamin Towle , Xin Chen , Ke Zhou

Accurate segmentation of anatomical structures and abnormalities in medical images is crucial for computer-aided diagnosis and analysis. While deep learning techniques excel at this task, their computational demands pose challenges.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-24 Syed Javed , Tariq M. Khan , Abdul Qayyum , Hamid Alinejad-Rokny , Arcot Sowmya , Imran Razzak

Recently, developing unified medical image segmentation models gains increasing attention, especially with the advent of the Segment Anything Model (SAM). SAM has shown promising binary segmentation performance in natural domains, however,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Shuangping Huang , Hao Liang , Qingfeng Wang , Chulong Zhong , Zijian Zhou , Miaojing Shi

Direct methods have recently emerged as an effective and efficient tool in automated medical image analysis and become a trend to solve diverse challenging tasks in clinical practise. Compared to traditional methods, direct methods are of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-10-22 Xiantong Zhen , Shuo Li

Many successful methods developed for medical image analysis that are based on machine learning use supervised learning approaches, which often require large datasets annotated by experts to achieve high accuracy. However, medical data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-25 Banafshe Felfeliyan , Abhilash Hareendranathan , Gregor Kuntze , David Cornell , Nils D. Forkert , Jacob L. Jaremko , Janet L. Ronsky

One of the most common tasks in medical imaging is semantic segmentation. Achieving this segmentation automatically has been an active area of research, but the task has been proven very challenging due to the large variation of anatomy…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-04-10 Holger R. Roth , Chen Shen , Hirohisa Oda , Masahiro Oda , Yuichiro Hayashi , Kazunari Misawa , Kensaku Mori