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We present a novel graph-informed transformer operator (GITO) architecture for learning complex partial differential equation systems defined on irregular geometries and non-uniform meshes. GITO consists of two main modules: a hybrid graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Milad Ramezankhani , Janak M. Patel , Anirudh Deodhar , Dagnachew Birru

Graphical Transformation Models (GTMs) are introduced as a novel approach to effectively model multivariate data with intricate marginals and complex dependency structures semiparametrically, while maintaining interpretability through the…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-28 Matthias Herp , Johannes Brachem , Michael Altenbuchinger , Thomas Kneib

Heterogeneous hardware like Gaudi processor has been developed to enhance computations, especially matrix operations for Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) for generative AI tasks. However, our analysis indicates that…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Chengming Zhang , Xinheng Ding , Baixi Sun , Xiaodong Yu , Weijian Zheng , Zhen Xie , Dingwen Tao

Neural operators improve conventional neural networks by expanding their capabilities of functional mappings between different function spaces to solve partial differential equations (PDEs). One of the most notable methods is the Fourier…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Xuanle Zhao , Yue Sun , Tielin Zhang , Bo Xu

Fractional Differential Equations (FDEs) are essential tools for modelling complex systems in science and engineering. They extend the traditional concepts of differentiation and integration to non-integer orders, enabling a more precise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-27 C. Coelho , M. Fernanda P. Costa , L. L. Ferrás

The growing demand for accurate, efficient, and scalable solutions in computational mechanics highlights the need for advanced operator learning algorithms that can efficiently handle large datasets while providing reliable uncertainty…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-09-18 Sawan Kumar , Rajdip Nayek , Souvik Chakraborty

Simulating physical systems using Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) has become an indispensible part of modern industrial process optimization. Traditionally, numerical solvers have been used to solve the associated PDEs, however…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Ritam Majumdar , Shirish Karande , Lovekesh Vig

Existing point cloud representation learning methods primarily rely on data-driven strategies to extract geometric information from large amounts of scattered data. However, most methods focus solely on the spatial distribution features of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Zhongyu Chen , Rong Zhao , Xie Han , Xindong Guo , Song Wang , Zherui Qiao

Sparse-view Cone-Beam Computed Tomography reconstruction from limited X-ray projections remains a challenging problem in medical imaging due to the inherent undersampling of fine-grained anatomical details, which correspond to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Cuong Tran Van , Trong-Thang Pham , Ngoc-Son Nguyen , Duy Minh Ho Nguyen , Ngan Le

Molecular modeling, a central topic in quantum mechanics, aims to accurately calculate the properties and simulate the behaviors of molecular systems. The molecular model is governed by physical laws, which impose geometric constraints such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Tianlang Chen , Shengjie Luo , Di He , Shuxin Zheng , Tie-Yan Liu , Liwei Wang

Equivariance is a powerful prior for learning physical dynamics, yet exact group equivariance can degrade performance if the symmetries are broken. We propose object-centric world models built with geometric algebra neural networks,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Hampus Linander , Conor Heins , Alexander Tschantz , Marco Perin , Christopher Buckley

Previous studies have highlighted significant advancements in multimodal fusion. Nevertheless, such methods often encounter challenges regarding the efficacy of feature extraction, data integrity, consistency of feature dimensions, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Jiayu Xiong , Jing Wang , Hengjing Xiang , Jun Xue , Chen Xu , Zhouqiang Jiang

The neural network-based approach to solving partial differential equations has attracted considerable attention due to its simplicity and flexibility in representing the solution of the partial differential equation. In training a neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-10 Jihun Han , Yoonsang Lee

The versatility of self-attention mechanism earned transformers great success in almost all data modalities, with limitations on the quadratic complexity and difficulty of training. To apply transformers across different data modalities,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Viet Anh Nguyen , Minh Lenhat , Khoa Nguyen , Duong Duc Hieu , Dao Huu Hung , Truong Son Hy

Physics-informed deep learning has emerged as a promising alternative for solving partial differential equations. However, for complex problems, training these networks can still be challenging, often resulting in unsatisfactory accuracy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Wenqian Chen , Amanda A. Howard , Panos Stinis

Partial Differential Equation (PDE) problems often exhibit strong local spatial structures, and effectively capturing these structures is critical for approximating their solutions. Recently, the Fourier Neural Operator (FNO) has emerged as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Chaoyu Liu , Davide Murari , Lihao Liu , Yangming Li , Chris Budd , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb

Neural differential equation models have garnered significant attention in recent years for their effectiveness in machine learning applications.Among these, fractional differential equations (FDEs) have emerged as a promising tool due to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Wenjun Cui , Qiyu Kang , Xuhao Li , Kai Zhao , Wee Peng Tay , Weihua Deng , Yidong Li

Traffic forecasting is a cornerstone of smart city management, enabling efficient resource allocation and transportation planning. Deep learning, with its ability to capture complex nonlinear patterns in spatiotemporal (ST) data, has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Hongjun Wang , Jiyuan Chen , Tong Pan , Zheng Dong , Lingyu Zhang , Renhe Jiang , Xuan Song

Multimodal trajectory prediction generates multiple plausible future trajectories to address vehicle motion uncertainty from intention ambiguity and execution variability. However, HD map-dependent models suffer from costly data…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Yuzhi Chen , Yuanchang Xie , Lei Zhao , Pan Liu , Yajie Zou , Chen Wang

Deep learning-based surrogate models have been widely applied in geological carbon storage (GCS) problems to accelerate the prediction of reservoir pressure and CO2 plume migration. Large amounts of data from physics-based numerical…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-01-11 Hewei Tang , Qingkai Kong , Joseph P. Morris
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