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It was recently proved that every planar graph is a subgraph of the strong product of a path and a graph with bounded treewidth. This paper surveys generalisations of this result for graphs on surfaces, minor-closed classes, various…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-02-18 Zdeněk Dvořák , Tony Huynh , Gwenaël Joret , Chun-Hung Liu , David R. Wood

We construct an efficient model for graphs of finitely generated subgroups of free groups. Using this we give a very short proof of Dicks's reformulation of the strengthened Hanna Neumann Conjecture as the Amalgamated Graph Conjecture. In…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2009-09-10 Larsen Louder , D. B. McReynolds

In this paper, we develop a $\times$-homotopy fundamental groupoid for graphs, and show a functorial relationship to the 2-category of graphs. We further explore the fundamental groupoid of graph products and develop a groupoid product…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-07-14 Tien Chih , Laura Scull

It is a well known result in the covering groups that a subgroup $G$ of the fundamental group at the identity of a semi-locally simply connected topological group determines a covering morphism of topological groups with characteristic…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2016-01-27 Osman Mucuk , Tunçar Şahan

A subperiodic group is a group of motions of $d$-dimensional Euclidean space $\R^d$ which contains a translation lattice $\Z^r$ of rank $r < d$ as a subgroup of finite index. A classification into abstract group isomorphism classes is…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-14 Igor A. Baburin

The attempt is to give a formal concpet of system, and with this provide a definition of category, that will also satisfy the definition of a system. An axiomatic base is given, for constructing the group of integers. In the process, we…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2015-11-26 Juan Pablo Ramirez

Helly graphs are graphs in which every family of pairwise intersecting balls has a non-empty intersection. This is a classical and widely studied class of graphs. In this article we focus on groups acting geometrically on Helly graphs --…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-01-08 Jérémie Chalopin , Victor Chepoi , Anthony Genevois , Hiroshi Hirai , Damian Osajda

We demonstrate that graph-based models are fully capable of representing higher-order interactions, and have a long history of being used for precisely this purpose. This stands in contrast to a common claim in the recent literature on…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-02-20 Tiago P. Peixoto , Leto Peel , Thilo Gross , Manlio De Domenico

In this paper a Bass-Serre theory in the groupoid setting is developed and a structure theorem is established. Any groupoid action without inversion of edges on a forest induces a graph of groupoids, while any graph of groupoids satisfying…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2024-03-27 Giulia dal Verme , Thomas Weigel

We study the automorphisms of graph products of cyclic groups, a class of groups that includes all right-angled Coxeter and right-angled Artin groups. We show that the group of automorphism generated by partial conjugations is itself a…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2009-10-27 Ruth Charney , Kim Ruane , Nathaniel Stambaugh , Anna Vijayan

Simple drawings are drawings of graphs in which any two edges intersect at most once (either at a common endpoint or a proper crossing), and no edge intersects itself. We analyze several characteristics of simple drawings of complete…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Oswin Aichholzer , Birgit Vogtenhuber , Alexandra Weinberger

Every countable directed graph generates a Fock space Hilbert space and a family of partial isometries. These operators also arise from the left regular representations of free semigroupoids derived from directed graphs. We develop a…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2007-05-23 David W. Kribs , Stephen C. Power

Let $G$ be a group. The intersection graph of cyclic subgroups of $G$, denoted by $\mathscr I_c(G)$, is a graph having all the proper cyclic subgroups of $G$ as its vertices and two distinct vertices in $\mathscr I_c(G)$ are adjacent if and…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2015-09-16 R. Rajkumar , P. Devi

We introduce and study, for a process P delivering edges on the Cartesian product of the vertex sets of a given set of graphs, the P-product of these graphs, thereby generalizing many types of product graph. Analogous to the notion of a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-02-10 Izak Broere , Johannes Heidema

In this paper, using the notions graphs, core graphs, immersions and covering maps of graphs, introduced by Stallings in 1983, we prove the Burnside condition for the intersection of subgroups of free groups with Burnside condition.

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2016-04-30 Hanieh Mirebrahimi , Fateme Ghanei

We study properties of automorphisms of graph products of groups. We show that graph product $\Gamma\mathcal{G}$ has non-trivial pointwise inner automorphisms if and only if some vertex group corresponding to a central vertex has…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2016-10-13 Michal Ferov

In this paper, we define the pullback crossed modules in the category of racks which mainly based on a pullback diagram of rack morphisms with extra crossed module data on some of its arrows. Furthermore we prove that the conjugation…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2019-03-13 Kadir Emir , Hatice Gülsün Akay

Consider a tree $\mathbb T$, all whose vertices have countable valence; its boundary is the Baire space $\mathbb{B} \simeq\mathbb{N}^{\mathbb N}$; continued fractions expansions identify the set of irrational numbers $\mathbb{R}\setminus…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2021-06-23 Yury A. Neretin

We introduce machinery to allow ``cut-and-paste''-style inductive arguments in the Torelli subgroup of the mapping class group. In the past these arguments have been problematic because restricting the Torelli group to subsurfaces gives…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2014-11-11 Andrew Putman

Let B be a finite collection of geometric (not necessarily convex) bodies in the plane. Clearly, this class of geometric objects naturally generalizes the class of disks, lines, ellipsoids, and even convex polygons. We consider geometric…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2013-08-29 Alexander Grigoriev , Athanassios Koutsonas , Dimitrios M. Thilikos