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This research aims to explore various methods for assessing user feedback in mixed-initiative conversational search (CS) systems. While CS systems enjoy profuse advancements across multiple aspects, recent research fails to successfully…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Paul Owoicho , Ivan Sekulić , Mohammad Aliannejadi , Jeffrey Dalton , Fabio Crestani

Retrieving answers in a quick and low cost manner without hallucinations from a combination of structured and unstructured data using Language models is a major hurdle. This is what prevents employment of Language models in knowledge…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Anupam Purwar , Rahul Sundar

Phrase-level dense retrieval has shown many appealing characteristics in downstream NLP tasks by leveraging the fine-grained information that phrases offer. In our work, we propose a new task formulation of dense retrieval, cross-lingual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Huayang Li , Deng Cai , Zhi Qu , Qu Cui , Hidetaka Kamigaito , Lemao Liu , Taro Watanabe

Conversational search is one of the ultimate goals of information retrieval. Recent research approaches conversational search by simplified settings of response ranking and conversational question answering, where an answer is either…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-05-26 Chen Qu , Liu Yang , Cen Chen , Minghui Qiu , W. Bruce Croft , Mohit Iyyer

Precisely understanding users' contextual search intent has been an important challenge for conversational search. As conversational search sessions are much more diverse and long-tailed, existing methods trained on limited data still show…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Kelong Mao , Zhicheng Dou , Fengran Mo , Jiewen Hou , Haonan Chen , Hongjin Qian

Dense retrieval (DR) has the potential to resolve the query understanding challenge in conversational search by matching in the learned embedding space. However, this adaptation is challenging due to DR models' extra needs for supervision…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-05-20 Shi Yu , Zhenghao Liu , Chenyan Xiong , Tao Feng , Zhiyuan Liu

Recent progress in deep learning has continuously improved the accuracy of dialogue response selection. In particular, sophisticated neural network architectures are leveraged to capture the rich interactions between dialogue context and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Tian Lan , Deng Cai , Yan Wang , Yixuan Su , Heyan Huang , Xian-Ling Mao

Recently embedding-based retrieval or dense retrieval have shown state of the art results, compared with traditional sparse or bag-of-words based approaches. This paper introduces a model-agnostic doc-level embedding framework through large…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Mingrui Wu , Sheng Cao

We deal with the scenario of conversational search, where user queries are under-specified or ambiguous. This calls for a mixed-initiative setup. User-asks (queries) and system-answers, as well as system-asks (clarification questions) and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Yosi Mass , Doron Cohen , Asaf Yehudai , David Konopnicki

Document expansion (DE) via query generation tackles vocabulary mismatch in sparse retrieval, yet faces limitations: uncontrolled generation producing hallucinated or redundant queries with low diversity; poor generalization from in-domain…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Tzu-Lin Kuo , Wei-Ning Chiu , Wei-Yun Ma , Pu-Jen Cheng

Pre-trained language models have been widely exploited to learn dense representations of documents and queries for information retrieval. While previous efforts have primarily focused on improving effectiveness and user satisfaction,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Cristina Ioana Muntean , Franco Maria Nardini , Raffaele Perego , Guido Rocchietti , Cosimo Rulli

Query reformulation is a key mechanism to alleviate the linguistic chasm of query in ad-hoc retrieval. Among various solutions, query reduction effectively removes extraneous terms and specifies concise user intent from long queries.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Hye-young Kim , Minjin Choi , Sunkyung Lee , Eunseong Choi , Young-In Song , Jongwuk Lee

Conversational search enables multi-turn interactions between users and systems to fulfill users' complex information needs. During this interaction, the system should understand the users' search intent within the conversational context…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Fengran Mo , Chuan Meng , Mohammad Aliannejadi , Jian-Yun Nie

In conversational search, the user's real search intent for the current turn is dependent on the previous conversation history. It is challenging to determine a good search query from the whole conversation context. To avoid the expensive…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Fengran Mo , Kelong Mao , Yutao Zhu , Yihong Wu , Kaiyu Huang , Jian-Yun Nie

Getting relevant information from search engines has been the heart of research works in information retrieval. Query expansion is a retrieval technique that has been studied and proved to yield positive results in relevance. Users are…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-03-22 Onifade Olufade , Arise Abiola , Ogboo Chisom

While deep neural networks have achieved remarkable performance, data augmentation has emerged as a crucial strategy to mitigate overfitting and enhance network performance. These techniques hold particular significance in industrial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-19 Hyungmin Kim , Donghun Kim , Pyunghwan Ahn , Sungho Suh , Hansang Cho , Junmo Kim

Deep search agents have proven effective in enhancing LLMs by retrieving external knowledge during multi-step reasoning. However, existing methods often generate a single query for retrieval at each reasoning step, limiting information…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Jiabei Liu , Wenyu Mao , Junfei Tan , Chunxu Shen , Lingling Yi , Jiancan Wu , Xiang Wang

Accurately retrieving relevant bid keywords for user queries is critical in Sponsored Search but remains challenging, particularly for short, ambiguous queries. Existing dense and generative retrieval models often fail to capture nuanced…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Akash Kumar Mohankumar , Gururaj K , Gagan Madan , Amit Singh

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant potential in enhancing dense retrieval through query augmentation. However, most existing methods treat the LLM and the retriever as separate modules, overlooking the alignment…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Sijia Yao , Pengcheng Huang , Zhenghao Liu , Yu Gu , Yukun Yan , Shi Yu , Ge Yu

The search of information in large text repositories has been plagued by the so-called document-query vocabulary gap, i.e. the semantic discordance between the contents in the stored document entities on the one hand and the human query on…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-04-22 Bhawani Selvaretnam , Mohammed Belkhatir