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Stochastic kinetic models describe systems across biology, chemistry, and physics where discrete events and small populations render deterministic approximations inadequate. Parameter inference and inverse design in these systems require…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-03-06 Francesco Mottes , Qian-Ze Zhu , Michael P. Brenner

In decision-making systems, it is important to have classifiers that have calibrated uncertainties, with an optimisation objective that can be used for automated model selection and training. Gaussian processes (GPs) provide uncertainty…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-03-05 Vincent Dutordoir , Mark van der Wilk , Artem Artemev , James Hensman

Real-world physical systems are inherently complex, often involving the coupling of multiple physics, making their simulation both highly valuable and challenging. Many mainstream approaches face challenges when dealing with decoupled data.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Tianrun Gao , Haoren Zheng , Wenhao Deng , Haodong Feng , Tao Zhang , Ruiqi Feng , Qianyi Chen , Tailin Wu

Many chemical reactions can be formulated in terms of particle diffusion in a complex energy landscape. Transition path theory (TPT) is a theoretical framework for describing the direct (reaction) pathways from reactant to product states…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-10-03 Paul C Bressloff

The bisimulation metric (BSM) is a powerful tool for analyzing state similarities within a Markov decision process (MDP), revealing that states closer in BSM have more similar optimal value functions. While BSM has been successfully…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Zhenyu Tao , Wei Xu , Xiaohu You

Gaussian processes (GPs) are a good choice for function approximation as they are flexible, robust to over-fitting, and provide well-calibrated predictive uncertainty. Deep Gaussian processes (DGPs) are multi-layer generalisations of GPs,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-11-15 Hugh Salimbeni , Marc Deisenroth

The Gaussian process (GP) is a popular statistical technique for stochastic function approximation and uncertainty quantification from data. GPs have been adopted into the realm of machine learning in the last two decades because of their…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-02 Marcus M. Noack , Hengrui Luo , Mark D. Risser

We cast episodic Markov decision process (MDP) planning as Bayesian inference over policies. A policy is treated as the latent variable and is assigned an unnormalized probability of optimality that is monotone in its expected return,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 David Tolpin

In a mixed generalized linear model, the goal is to learn multiple signals from unlabeled observations: each sample comes from exactly one signal, but it is not known which one. We consider the prototypical problem of estimating two…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-12 Yihan Zhang , Marco Mondelli , Ramji Venkataramanan

The spectral gap $\gamma$ of a finite, ergodic, and reversible Markov chain is an important parameter measuring the asymptotic rate of convergence. In applications, the transition matrix $P$ may be unknown, yet one sample of the chain up to…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-08-25 Daniel Hsu , Aryeh Kontorovich , David A. Levin , Yuval Peres , Csaba Szepesvári

Gaussian process (GP) regression has been widely used in supervised machine learning due to its flexibility and inherent ability to describe uncertainty in function estimation. In the context of control, it is seeing increasing use for…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2020-01-01 Lukas Hewing , Juraj Kabzan , Melanie N. Zeilinger

This paper presents the first application of Gaussian Mixture Copula Models to the statistical modeling of driving scenarios for the safety validation of automated driving systems. Knowledge of the joint probability distribution of scenario…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Christian Reichenbächer , Philipp Rank , Jochen Hipp , Oliver Bringmann

Probabilistic time series forecasting is crucial for quantifying future uncertainty, with significant applications in fields such as energy and finance. However, existing methods often rely on computationally expensive sampling or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Lei Liu , Tengyuan Liu , Hongwei Zhao , Jiahui Huang , Ruibo Guo , Bin Li

Sampling from unnormalized densities using diffusion models has emerged as a powerful paradigm. However, while recent approaches that use least-squares `matching' objectives have improved scalability, they often necessitate significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Denis Blessing , Lorenz Richter , Julius Berner , Egor Malitskiy , Gerhard Neumann

Safety in stochastic control systems, which are subject to random noise with a known probability distribution, aims to compute policies that satisfy predefined operational constraints with high confidence throughout the uncertain evolution…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-12 Saber Omidi , Marek Petrik , Se Young Yoon , Momotaz Begum

We study a model of aggregation and fragmentation of clusters of particles on an open segment of a single-lane road. The particles and clusters obey the stochastic discrete-time discrete-space kinetics of the Totally Asymmetric Simple…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-01-08 N. C. Pesheva , N. Zh. Bunzarova

Dynamical reweighting methods permit to estimate kinetic observables of a stochastic process governed by a target potential $\tilde{V}(x)$ from trajectories that have been generated at a different potential $V(x)$. In this article, we…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2022-12-28 Luca Donati , Marcus Weber , Bettina G. Keller

We present a simple and general framework to simulate statistically correct realizations of a system of non-Markovian discrete stochastic processes. We give the exact analytical solution and a practical an efficient algorithm alike the…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2014-10-21 Marian Boguna , Luis F. Lafuerza , Raul Toral , M. Angeles Serrano

Gaussian processes (GPs) are nonparametric priors over functions. Fitting a GP implies computing a posterior distribution of functions consistent with the observed data. Similarly, deep Gaussian processes (DGPs) should allow us to compute a…

Here we develop an effective approach to simplify two-time-scale Markov chains with infinite state spaces by removal of states with fast leaving rates, which improves the simplification method of finite Markov chains. We introduce the…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2017-09-13 Chen Jia