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Recently, there has been significant interest in various supervised machine learning techniques that can help reduce the time and effort consumed by manual interpretation workflows. However, most successful supervised machine learning…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-05-17 Yazeed Alaudah , Motaz Alfarraj , Ghassan AlRegib

Programmatic weak supervision methodologies facilitate the expedited labeling of extensive datasets through the use of label functions (LFs) that encapsulate heuristic data sources. Nonetheless, the creation of precise LFs necessitates…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Naiqing Guan , Kaiwen Chen , Nick Koudas

Semi-supervised learning is attracting blooming attention, due to its success in combining unlabeled data. However, pseudo-labeling-based semi-supervised approaches suffer from two problems in image classification: (1) Existing methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Xuerong Zhang , Li Huang , Jing Lv , Ming Yang

Partial multi-label learning (PML) models the scenario where each training instance is annotated with a set of candidate labels, and only some of the labels are relevant. The PML problem is practical in real-world scenarios, as it is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-18 Tingting Yu , Guoxian Yu , Jun Wang , Maozu Guo

Crucial for building trust in deep learning models for critical real-world applications is efficient and theoretically sound uncertainty quantification, a task that continues to be challenging. Useful uncertainty information is expected to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Zhen Lin , Shubhendu Trivedi , Jimeng Sun

Machine learning systems are increasingly being used to make impactful decisions such as loan applications and criminal justice risk assessments, and as such, ensuring fairness of these systems is critical. This is often challenging as the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-18 YooJung Choi , Meihua Dang , Guy Van den Broeck

Partial Label Learning (PLL) is a type of weakly supervised learning where each training instance is assigned a set of candidate labels, but only one label is the ground-truth. However, this idealistic assumption may not always hold due to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-01 Yu Shi , Dong-Dong Wu , Xin Geng , Min-Ling Zhang

Learning with reduced labeling standards, such as noisy label, partial label, and multiple label candidates, which we generically refer to as \textit{imprecise} labels, is a commonplace challenge in machine learning tasks. Previous methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Hao Chen , Ankit Shah , Jindong Wang , Ran Tao , Yidong Wang , Xing Xie , Masashi Sugiyama , Rita Singh , Bhiksha Raj

Real-world data is frequently noisy and ambiguous. In crowdsourcing, for example, human annotators may assign conflicting class labels to the same instances. Partial-label learning (PLL) addresses this challenge by training classifiers when…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Tobias Fuchs , Nadja Klein

In this paper, we study the problem of learning from weakly labeled data, where labels of the training examples are incomplete. This includes, for example, (i) semi-supervised learning where labels are partially known; (ii) multi-instance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-07 Yu-Feng Li , Ivor W. Tsang , James T. Kwok , Zhi-Hua Zhou

Learning from label proportions (LLP) is a weakly supervised classification problem where data points are grouped into bags, and the label proportions within each bag are observed instead of the instance-level labels. The task is to learn a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Jianxin Zhang , Yutong Wang , Clayton Scott

Multi-output regression seeks to borrow strength and leverage commonalities across different but related outputs in order to enhance learning and prediction accuracy. A fundamental assumption is that the output/group membership labels for…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-07-04 Seokhyun Chung , Raed Al Kontar , Zhenke Wu

Learning with softmax cross-entropy on one-hot labels often leads to overconfident predictions and poor robustness under noise or perturbations. Label smoothing mitigates this by redistributing some confidence uniformly, but treats all…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-02 Fang Qi , Lu Peng , Zhengming Ding

Complementary-label learning is a weakly supervised learning problem in which each training example is associated with one or multiple complementary labels indicating the classes to which it does not belong. Existing consistent approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Wei Wang , Takashi Ishida , Yu-Jie Zhang , Gang Niu , Masashi Sugiyama

Weak supervision (WS) is a powerful method to build labeled datasets for training supervised models in the face of little-to-no labeled data. It replaces hand-labeling data with aggregating multiple noisy-but-cheap label estimates expressed…

While the predictions produced by conformal prediction are set-valued, the data used for training and calibration is supposed to be precise. In the setting of superset learning or learning from partial labels, a variant of weakly supervised…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Alireza Javanmardi , Yusuf Sale , Paul Hofman , Eyke Hüllermeier

Large amounts of labeled training data are one of the main contributors to the great success that deep models have achieved in the past. Label acquisition for tasks other than benchmarks can pose a challenge due to requirements of both…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-01-22 Clemens-Alexander Brust , Christoph Käding , Joachim Denzler

Hierarchical text classification has many real-world applications. However, labeling a large number of documents is costly. In practice, we can use semi-supervised learning or weakly supervised learning (e.g., dataless classification) to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-26 Huiru Xiao , Xin Liu , Yangqiu Song

The recent research in semi-supervised learning (SSL) is mostly dominated by consistency regularization based methods which achieve strong performance. However, they heavily rely on domain-specific data augmentations, which are not easy to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Mamshad Nayeem Rizve , Kevin Duarte , Yogesh S Rawat , Mubarak Shah

Weak supervision is a popular framework for overcoming the labeled data bottleneck: the need to obtain labels for training data. In weak supervision, multiple noisy-but-cheap sources are used to provide guesses of the label and are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Tzu-Heng Huang , Catherine Cao , Spencer Schoenberg , Harit Vishwakarma , Nicholas Roberts , Frederic Sala