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Fairness in machine learning is more important than ever as ethical concerns continue to grow. Individual fairness demands that individuals differing only in sensitive attributes receive the same outcomes. However, commonly used machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Ruihan Zhang , Jun Sun

Risk thresholds provide a measure of the level of risk exposure that a society or individual is willing to withstand, ultimately shaping how we determine the safety of technological systems. Against the backdrop of the Cold War, the first…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Heidy Khlaaf , Sarah Myers West

In response to the increasing complexity and sophistication of cyber threats, particularly those enhanced by advancements in artificial intelligence, traditional security methods are proving insufficient. This paper explores the Zero Trust…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Brady D. Lund , Tae Hee Lee , Ziang Wang , Ting Wang , Nishith Reddy Mannuru

As Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems proliferate, the need for systematic, transparent, and actionable processes for evaluating them is growing. While many resources exist to support AI evaluation, they have several limitations. Few…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Rachel M. Kim , Blaine Kuehnert , Alice Lai , Kenneth Holstein , Hoda Heidari , Rayid Ghani

Artificial intelligence (AI) is no longer futuristic; it is a daily companion shaping our private and work lives. While AI simplifies our lives, its rise also invites us to rethink who we are - and who we wish to remain - as humans. Even if…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Barbara Steffen , Edward A. Lee , Moshe Y. Vardi , Bernhard Steffen

For over a decade, cybersecurity has relied on human labor scarcity to limit attackers to high-value targets manually or generic automated attacks at scale. Building sophisticated exploits requires deep expertise and manual effort, leading…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Terry Yue Zhuo , Yangruibo Ding , Wenbo Guo , Ruijie Meng

Artificial Intelligence's dual-use nature is revolutionizing the cybersecurity landscape, introducing new threats across four main categories: deepfakes and synthetic media, adversarial AI attacks, automated malware, and AI-powered social…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Sai Teja Erukude , Viswa Chaitanya Marella , Suhasnadh Reddy Veluru

The increasing integration of Artificial Intelligence across multiple industry sectors necessitates robust mechanisms for ensuring transparency, trust, and auditability of its development and deployment. This topic is particularly important…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Kar Balan , Robert Learney , Tim Wood

As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes deeply integrated into critical infrastructures and everyday life, ensuring its safe deployment is one of humanity's most urgent challenges. Current AI models prioritize task optimization over safety,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Joshua T. S. Hewson

Ensuring responsible use of artificial intelligence (AI) has become imperative as autonomous systems increasingly influence critical societal domains. However, the concept of trustworthy AI remains broad and multi-faceted. This thesis…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Filip Cano

Zero Trust Architectures (ZTA) fundamentally redefine network security by adopting a "trust nothing, verify everything" approach that requires identity verification for all access. Conventional discrete access control measures have proven…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Sina Ahmadi

The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in high-risk, decision-making scenarios presents technical, safety, and normative challenges; problems that may only be ameliorated by human oversight. However, notions of human oversight lack a…

This position paper explores the broad landscape of AI potentiality in the context of cybersecurity, with a particular emphasis on its possible risk factors with awareness, which can be managed by incorporating human experts in the loop,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Iqbal H. Sarker , Helge Janicke , Nazeeruddin Mohammad , Paul Watters , Surya Nepal

This paper reviews Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence (TAI) and its various definitions. Considering the principles respected in any society, TAI is often characterized by a few attributes, some of which have led to confusion in regulatory…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Mohamad M Nasr-Azadani , Jean-Luc Chatelain

As artificial intelligence plays an increasingly important role in our society, there are ethical and moral obligations for both businesses and researchers to ensure that their machine learning models are designed, deployed, and maintained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-07 Shubham Sharma , Jette Henderson , Joydeep Ghosh

Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology epitomizes the complex challenges posed by human-made artifacts, particularly those widely integrated into society and exerting significant influence, highlighting potential benefits and their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Michael Papademas , Xenia Ziouvelou , Antonis Troumpoukis , Vangelis Karkaletsis

AI-based systems have been used widely across various industries for different decisions ranging from operational decisions to tactical and strategic ones in low- and high-stakes contexts. Gradually the weaknesses and issues of these…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-01-13 Morteza Saberi

With the increasing prevalence and deployment of Emotion AI-powered facial affect analysis (FAA) tools, concerns about the trustworthiness of these systems have become more prominent. This first workshop on "Towards Trustworthy Facial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Jiaee Cheong , Yang Liu , Harold Soh , Hatice Gunes

AI prevails in financial fraud detection and decision making. Yet, due to concerns about biased automated decision making or profiling, regulations mandate that final decisions are made by humans. Financial fraud investigators face the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Angelos Chatzimparmpas , Evanthia Dimara

In the light of modern technological advances, Artificial Intelligence (AI) is relied upon to enhance performance, increase efficiency, and maximize gains. For Law Enforcement Agencies (LEAs), it can prove valuable in optimizing evidence…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Yasmine Ezzeddine , Petra Saskia Bayerl , Helen Gibson