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The emergence of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has driven significant advances in Graphical User Interface (GUI) agent capabilities. Nevertheless, existing GUI agent training and inference techniques still suffer from a dilemma…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Shuquan Lian , Yuhang Wu , Jia Ma , Yifan Ding , Zihan Song , Bingqi Chen , Xiawu Zheng , Hui Li , Rongrong Ji

Recent progress in GUI agents has substantially improved visual grounding, yet robust planning remains challenging, particularly when the environment deviates from a canonical initial state. In real applications, users often invoke…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Henry Hengyuan Zhao , Kaiming Yang , Wendi Yu , Difei Gao , Mike Zheng Shou

Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents show great potential for enabling foundation models to complete real-world tasks, revolutionizing human-computer interaction and improving human productivity. In this report, we present OmegaUse, a…

This paper introduces GUI-Owl, a foundational GUI agent model that achieves state-of-the-art performance among open-source end-to-end models on ten GUI benchmarks across desktop and mobile environments, covering grounding, question…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Jiabo Ye , Xi Zhang , Haiyang Xu , Haowei Liu , Junyang Wang , Zhaoqing Zhu , Ziwei Zheng , Feiyu Gao , Junjie Cao , Zhengxi Lu , Jitong Liao , Qi Zheng , Fei Huang , Jingren Zhou , Ming Yan

Building Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents is a promising research direction, which simulates human interaction with computers or mobile phones to perform diverse GUI tasks. However, a major challenge in developing generalized GUI…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Bofei Zhang , Zirui Shang , Zhi Gao , Wang Zhang , Rui Xie , Xiaojian Ma , Tao Yuan , Xinxiao Wu , Song-Chun Zhu , Qing Li

Recent years have witnessed a rapid development of mobile GUI agents powered by large language models (LLMs), which can autonomously execute diverse device-control tasks based on natural language instructions. The increasing accuracy of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Guohong Liu , Jialei Ye , Jiacheng Liu , Yuanchun Li , Wei Liu , Pengzhi Gao , Jian Luan , Yunxin Liu

Mobile GUI agents exhibit substantial potential to facilitate and automate the execution of user tasks on mobile phones. However, exist mobile GUI agents predominantly privilege autonomous operation and neglect the necessity of active user…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Haitao Jia , Ming He , Zimo Yin , Likang Wu , Jianping Fan , Jitao Sang

GUI agents drive applications through their visual interfaces instead of programmatic APIs, interacting with arbitrary software via taps, swipes, and keystrokes, reaching a long tail of applications that CLI-based agents cannot. Yet…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Fei Tang , Zhiqiong Lu , Boxuan Zhang , Weiming Lu , Jun Xiao , Yueting Zhuang , Yongliang Shen

Graphical user interface (GUI) has become integral to modern society, making it crucial to be understood for human-centric systems. However, unlike natural images or documents, GUIs comprise artificially designed graphical elements arranged…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Ziwei Wang , Weizhi Chen , Leyang Yang , Sheng Zhou , Shengchu Zhao , Hanbei Zhan , Jiongchao Jin , Liangcheng Li , Zirui Shao , Jiajun Bu

Recent advances in multimodal large language models have driven growing interest in graphical user interface (GUI) agents, yet their generalization remains constrained by the scarcity of large-scale training data spanning diverse real-world…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Weimin Xiong , Shuhao Gu , Bowen Ye , Zihao Yue , Lei Li , Feifan Song , Sujian Li , Hao Tian

Mobile Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents powered by multimodal large language models have demonstrated promising capabilities in automating complex smartphone tasks. However, existing approaches face two critical limitations: the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Yiping Xie , Song Chen , Jingxuan Xing , Wei Jiang , Zekun Zhu , Yingyao Wang , Pi Bu , Jun Song , Yuning Jiang , Bo Zheng

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) are transforming the capabilities of graphical user interface (GUI) agents, facilitating their transition from controlled simulations to complex, real-world applications across various platforms.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Boyu Gou , Ruohan Wang , Boyuan Zheng , Yanan Xie , Cheng Chang , Yiheng Shu , Huan Sun , Yu Su

Recent advances in foundation models, particularly Large Language Models (LLMs) and Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), have facilitated the development of intelligent agents capable of performing complex tasks. By leveraging the…

We present AutoGLM, a new series in the ChatGLM family, designed to serve as foundation agents for autonomous control of digital devices through Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs). While foundation models excel at acquiring human knowledge,…

Large-scale, high-quality interaction trajectories are essential for advancing mobile Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents. While existing methods typically rely on labor-intensive human demonstrations or automated model exploration to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Linjia Kang , Zhimin Wang , Yongkang Zhang , Duo Wu , Jinghe Wang , Ming Ma , Haopeng Yan , Zhi Wang

Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents, driven by Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs), have emerged as a promising paradigm for enabling intelligent interaction with digital systems. This paper provides a structured survey of recent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Jiahao Li , Kaer Huang

We introduce GUI-360$^\circ$, a large-scale, comprehensive dataset and benchmark suite designed to advance computer-using agents (CUAs). CUAs present unique challenges and is constrained by three persistent gaps: a scarcity of real-world…

Mobile GUI agents powered by large foundation models enable autonomous task execution, but frequent updates altering UI appearance and reorganizing workflows cause agents trained on historical data to fail. Despite surface changes,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Libo Sun , Jiwen Zhang , Siyuan Wang , Zhongyu Wei

With the deep integration of artificial intelligence and interactive technology, Graphical User Interface (GUI) Agent, as the carrier connecting goal-oriented natural language and real-world devices, has received widespread attention from…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Leyang Yang , Ziwei Wang , Xiaoxuan Tang , Sheng Zhou , Dajun Chen , Wei Jiang , Yong Li

Existing online benchmarks for mobile GUI agents remain largely app-centric and task-homogeneous, failing to reflect the diversity and instability of real-world mobile usage. To this end, we introduce VenusBench-Mobile, a challenging online…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Yichen Gong , Zhuohan Cai , Sunhao Dai , Yuqi Zhou , Zhangxuan Gu , Changhua Meng , Shuheng Shen