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Text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models have revolutionized generative modeling by producing high-fidelity, diverse, and visually realistic images from textual prompts. Despite these advances, existing models struggle with complex prompts…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Eric Hanchen Jiang , Yasi Zhang , Zhi Zhang , Yixin Wan , Andrew Lizarraga , Shufan Li , Ying Nian Wu

Recent advances in diffusion-based text-to-image (T2I) models have led to remarkable success in generating high-quality images from textual prompts. However, ensuring accurate alignment between the text and the generated image remains a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Jia Jun Cheng Xian , Muchen Li , Haotian Yang , Xin Tao , Pengfei Wan , Leonid Sigal , Renjie Liao

Recent text-to-video (T2V) models can synthesize complex videos from lightweight natural language prompts, raising urgent concerns about safety alignment in the event of misuse in the real world. Prior jailbreak attacks typically rewrite…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Moyang Chen , Zonghao Ying , Wenzhuo Xu , Quancheng Zou , Deyue Zhang , Dongdong Yang , Xiangzheng Zhang

Model inversion (MI) attacks have raised increasing concerns about privacy, which can reconstruct training data from public models. Indeed, MI attacks can be formalized as an optimization problem that seeks private data in a certain space.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Xiaojian Yuan , Kejiang Chen , Jie Zhang , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu , Yang Zhang

Recent work has shown it is possible to construct adversarial examples that cause an aligned language model to emit harmful strings or perform harmful behavior. Existing attacks work either in the white-box setting (with full access to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Jonathan Hayase , Ema Borevkovic , Nicholas Carlini , Florian Tramèr , Milad Nasr

Crafting adversarial examples has become an important technique to evaluate the robustness of deep neural networks (DNNs). However, most existing works focus on attacking the image classification problem since its input space is continuous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-22 Minhao Cheng , Jinfeng Yi , Pin-Yu Chen , Huan Zhang , Cho-Jui Hsieh

Prompt-based learning paradigm bridges the gap between pre-training and fine-tuning, and works effectively under the few-shot setting. However, we find that this learning paradigm inherits the vulnerability from the pre-training stage,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-12 Lei Xu , Yangyi Chen , Ganqu Cui , Hongcheng Gao , Zhiyuan Liu

Recent advances in diffusion models have notably enhanced text-to-image (T2I) generation quality, but they also raise the risk of generating unsafe content. Traditional safety methods like text blacklisting or harmful content classification…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Zongsheng Cao , Yangfan He , Anran Liu , Jun Xie , Feng Chen , Zepeng Wang

Machine Learning systems are vulnerable to adversarial attacks and will highly likely produce incorrect outputs under these attacks. There are white-box and black-box attacks regarding to adversary's access level to the victim learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-23 Saeid Samizade , Zheng-Hua Tan , Chao Shen , Xiaohong Guan

Vision-language pre-training (VLP) models are vulnerable to adversarial examples, particularly in black-box scenarios. Existing multimodal attacks often suffer from limited perturbation diversity and unstable multi-stage pipelines. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Wutao Chen , Huaqin Zou , Chen Wan , Lifeng Huang

Text-to-Image generation models have revolutionized the artwork design process and enabled anyone to create high-quality images by entering text descriptions called prompts. Creating a high-quality prompt that consists of a subject and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Xinyue Shen , Yiting Qu , Michael Backes , Yang Zhang

Many machine learning models are vulnerable to adversarial examples: inputs that are specially crafted to cause a machine learning model to produce an incorrect output. Adversarial examples that affect one model often affect another model,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-05-25 Nicolas Papernot , Patrick McDaniel , Ian Goodfellow

Text-to-Image (T2I) models have recently achieved remarkable success in generating images from textual descriptions. However, challenges still persist in accurately rendering complex scenes where actions and interactions form the primary…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Vatsal Malaviya , Agneet Chatterjee , Maitreya Patel , Yezhou Yang , Chitta Baral

Recent developments in text-to-image models, particularly Stable Diffusion, have marked significant achievements in various applications. With these advancements, there are growing safety concerns about the vulnerability of the model that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Chenyu Zhang , Lanjun Wang , Anan Liu

Adversarial attacks pose a major threat to machine learning and to the systems that rely on it. In the cybersecurity domain, adversarial cyber-attack examples capable of evading detection are especially concerning. Nonetheless, an example…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-31 João Vitorino , Nuno Oliveira , Isabel Praça

Text-to-Image (T2I) models have achieved remarkable success in generating visual content from text inputs. Although multiple safety alignment strategies have been proposed to prevent harmful outputs, they often lead to overly cautious…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Ziheng Cheng , Yixiao Huang , Hui Xu , Somayeh Sojoudi , Xuandong Zhao , Dawn Song , Song Mei

Large-scale pre-trained models are increasingly adapted to downstream tasks through a new paradigm called prompt learning. In contrast to fine-tuning, prompt learning does not update the pre-trained model's parameters. Instead, it only…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Yixin Wu , Rui Wen , Michael Backes , Pascal Berrang , Mathias Humbert , Yun Shen , Yang Zhang

Deep Learning has become popular due to its vast applications in almost all domains. However, models trained using deep learning are prone to failure for adversarial samples and carry a considerable risk in sensitive applications. Most of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-13 Satyadwyoom Kumar , Saurabh Gupta , Arun Balaji Buduru

Unlike the white-box counterparts that are widely studied and readily accessible, adversarial examples in black-box settings are generally more Herculean on account of the difficulty of estimating gradients. Many methods achieve the task by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-06-12 Ziang Yan , Yiwen Guo , Changshui Zhang

We address the challenge of generating diverse attack prompts for large language models (LLMs) that elicit harmful behaviors (e.g., insults, sexual content) and are used for safety fine-tuning. Rather than relying on manual prompt…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Taeyoung Yun , Pierre-Luc St-Charles , Jinkyoo Park , Yoshua Bengio , Minsu Kim