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Score-based modeling through stochastic differential equations (SDEs) has provided a new perspective on diffusion models, and demonstrated superior performance on continuous data. However, the gradient of the log-likelihood function, i.e.,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Haoran Sun , Lijun Yu , Bo Dai , Dale Schuurmans , Hanjun Dai

We introduce a novel paradigm for learning non-parametric drift and diffusion functions for stochastic differential equation (SDE). The proposed model learns to simulate path distributions that match observations with non-uniform time…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-08-01 Cagatay Yildiz , Markus Heinonen , Jukka Intosalmi , Henrik Mannerström , Harri Lähdesmäki

Stochastic differential equations (SDEs) are a fundamental tool for modelling dynamic processes, including gene regulatory networks (GRNs), contaminant transport, financial markets, and image generation. However, learning the underlying SDE…

Diffusion models have emerged as a dominant framework for generative modeling, but their mathematical foundations are often presented separately through diffusion probabilistic models, score-based modeling, stochastic differential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Jiayi Fu , Yuxia Wang

We derive the stochastic version of the Magnus expansion for linear systems of stochastic differential equations (SDEs). The main novelty with respect to the related literature is that we consider SDEs in the It\^o sense, with progressively…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-05-23 Kevin Kamm , Stefano Pagliarani , Andrea Pascucci

Gaussian processes (GPs) are distributions over functions, which provide a Bayesian nonparametric approach to regression and classification. In spite of their success, GPs have limited use in some applications, for example, in some cases a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-28 Alessio Benavoli , Dario Azzimonti , Dario Piga

Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DPMs) are a well-established class of diffusion models for unconditional image generation, while SGMSE+ is a well-established conditional diffusion model for speech enhancement. One of the downsides of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-11 Bunlong Lay , Timo Gerkmann

Typical generative diffusion models rely on a Gaussian diffusion process for training the backward transformations, which can then be used to generate samples from Gaussian noise. However, real world data often takes place in discrete-state…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-19 Javier E Santos , Zachary R. Fox , Nicholas Lubbers , Yen Ting Lin

Skewness and non-Gaussian behavior are essential features of the distribution of short-scale velocity increments in isotropic turbulent flows. Yet, although the skewness has been generally linked to time-reversal symmetry breaking and…

Deep Gaussian processes (DGPs) are multi-layer hierarchical generalisations of Gaussian processes (GPs) and are formally equivalent to neural networks with multiple, infinitely wide hidden layers. DGPs are nonparametric probabilistic models…

Diffusion models, which convert noise into new data instances by learning to reverse a Markov diffusion process, have become a cornerstone in contemporary generative modeling. While their practical power has now been widely recognized, the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-03-08 Gen Li , Yuting Wei , Yuxin Chen , Yuejie Chi

Diffusion (score-based) generative models have been widely used for modeling various types of complex data, including images, audios, and point clouds. Recently, the deep connection between forward-backward stochastic differential equations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Weitao Du , Tao Yang , He Zhang , Yuanqi Du

We introduce a novel class of score-based diffusion processes that operate directly in the representation space of Lie groups. Leveraging the framework of Generalized Score Matching, we derive a class of Langevin dynamics that decomposes as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Marco Bertolini , Tuan Le , Djork-Arné Clevert

In this paper we study the randomized non-autonomous complete linear differential equation. The diffusion coefficient and the source term in the differential equation are assumed to be stochastic processes and the initial condition is…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-02-13 J. Catatayud , J. -C. Cortes , M. Jornet

We study the dynamics of a continuous-time model of the Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) for the least-square problem. Indeed, pursuing the work of Li et al. (2019), we analyze Stochastic Differential Equations (SDEs) that model SGD either…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Adrien Schertzer , Loucas Pillaud-Vivien

The presence of non-Gaussian tails is a prevalent characteristic in many financial modeling scenarios, necessitating the use of complex non-Gaussian distributions such as the generalized beta of the second kind (GB2) and the skewed…

Applications · Statistics 2025-12-10 Xing Yan , Yue Zhao , Qi Wu , Wenxuan Ma

Recent progresses in single particle tracking have shown evidences of non-Gaussian distribution of displacements in living cells, both near the cellular membrane and inside the cytoskeleton. A similar behavior has also been observed in…

Biological Physics · Physics 2019-05-30 Yann Lanoiselée , Denis S. Grebenkov

Diffusion models, typically formulated as discretizations of stochastic differential equations (SDEs), have achieved state-of-the-art performance in generative tasks. However, their theoretical analysis often involves complex proofs. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Juhyeok Choi , Chenglin Fan

The analytic inference, e.g. predictive distribution being in closed form, may be an appealing benefit for machine learning practitioners when they treat wide neural networks as Gaussian process in Bayesian setting. The realistic widths,…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2023-08-01 Chi-Ken Lu

We present an explicit method for simulating stochastic differential equations (SDEs) that have variable diffusion coefficients and satisfy the detailed balance condition with respect to a known equilibrium density. In Tupper and Yang…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2014-06-27 Paul Tupper , Xin Yang