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An algorithm to improve performance parameter for unsupervised decision forest clustering and density estimation is presented. Specifically, a dual assignment parameter is introduced as a density estimator by combining Random Forest and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-07-19 Hayder Albehadili , Naz Islam

We explain how effective automatic probability density function estimates can be constructed using contemporary Bayesian inference engines such as those based on no-U-turn sampling and expectation propagation. Extensive simulation studies…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-09-28 M. P. Wand , J. C. F. Yu

Density Estimation is one of the central areas of statistics whose purpose is to estimate the probability density function underlying the observed data. It serves as a building block for many tasks in statistical inference, visualization,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-04-02 Zhipeng Wang , David W. Scott

A density estimation method in a Bayesian nonparametric framework is presented when recorded data are not coming directly from the distribution of interest, but from a length biased version. From a Bayesian perspective, efforts to…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-10-23 Spyridon J. Hatjispyros , Theodoros Nicoleris , Stephen G. Walker

We consider the problem of boundary detection for areal data, focusing on situations where for each areal unit multiple observations are available. We propose a Bayesian nonparametric mixture model for the area-specific population…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-18 Matteo Gianella , Mario Beraha , Alessandra Guglielmi

Density estimation is a crucial component of many machine learning methods, and manifold learning in particular, where geometry is to be constructed from data alone. A significant practical limitation of the current density estimation…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2016-01-06 Tyrus Berry , Timothy Sauer

To better understand the dynamics of human settlements, thorough knowledge of the uncertainty in geospatial built-up surface datasets is critical. While frameworks for localized accuracy assessments of categorical gridded data have been…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-06-23 Johannes H. Uhl , Stefan Leyk

Crowd density estimation is a well-known computer vision task aimed at estimating the density distribution of people in an image. The main challenge in this domain is the reliance on fine-grained location-level annotations, (i.e. points…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Mattia Litrico , Feng Chen , Michael Pound , Sotirios A Tsaftaris , Sebastiano Battiato , Mario Valerio Giuffrida

An additive model-assisted nonparametric method is investigated to estimate the finite population totals of massive survey data with the aid of auxiliary information. A class of estimators is proposed to improve the precision of the well…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-03-19 Li Wang , Suojin Wang

Evidence-based policy-making requires reliable, spatially disaggregated indicators. The framework of mixed effects random forests leverages the advantages of random forests and hierarchical data in small area estimation. These methods…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-06-19 Patrick Krennmair , Nora Würz , Timo Schmid

Multivariate density estimation is a popular technique in statistics with wide applications including regression models allowing for heteroskedasticity in conditional variances. The estimation problems become more challenging when…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-08-15 Zhen Li , Lili Wu , Weilian Zhou , Sujit Ghosh

In real-world crowd counting applications, the crowd densities vary greatly in spatial and temporal domains. A detection based counting method will estimate crowds accurately in low density scenes, while its reliability in congested areas…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-03-08 Jiang Liu , Chenqiang Gao , Deyu Meng , Alexander G. Hauptmann

We study the Bayesian density estimation of data living in the offset of an unknown submanifold of the Euclidean space. In this perspective, we introduce a new notion of anisotropic H\"older for the underlying density and obtain posterior…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-07-18 Clément Berenfeld , Paul Rosa , Judith Rousseau

We develop Bayesian models for density regression with emphasis on discrete outcomes. The problem of density regression is approached by considering methods for multivariate density estimation of mixed scale variables, and obtaining…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-08-14 Georgios Papageorgiou

Many aspects of life are associated with places of human mobility patterns and nowadays we are facing an increase in the pervasiveness of mobile devices these individuals carry. Positioning technologies that serve these devices such as the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-26 Thiago Andrade , Brais Cancela , João Gama

Citizen science projects in which volunteers collect data are increasingly popular due to their ability to engage the public with scientific questions. The scientific value of these data are however hampered by several biases. In this…

Applications · Statistics 2024-02-01 Peter Lugtig , Erik-Jan van Kesteren , Annemarie Timmers

Communication-enabled devices routinely carried by individuals have become pervasive, opening unprecedented opportunities for collecting digital metadata about the mobility of large populations. In this paper, we propose a novel methodology…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2018-11-01 Ghazaleh Khodabandelou , Vincent Gauthier , Marco Fiore , Mounim El-Yacoubi

We use unmanned aerial drones to estimate wildlife density in southeastern Austria and compare these estimates to camera trap data. Traditional methods like capture-recapture, distance sampling, or camera traps are well-established but…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Stephanie Wohlfahrt , Christoph Praschl , Horst Leitner , Wolfram Jantsch , Julia Konic , Silvio Schueler , Andreas Stöckl , David C. Schedl

The concept of biased data is well known and its practical applications range from social sciences and biology to economics and quality control. These observations arise when a sampling procedure chooses an observation with probability that…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Sam Efromovich

The ratio of two densities provides a direct characterization of their differences. We consider the two-sample comparison problem by estimating this ratio given i.i.d. observations from two distributions. To this end, we propose additive…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-23 Naoki Awaya , Yuliang Xu , Li Ma